PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Overall, there is a great need within sports medicine to ensure that athletes can return from injury in an efficient, yet thorough manner. It is crucial to not avoid necessary difficulties in this process but also to ensure time-efficient rehabilitation. One of the more promising techniques to achieve timely recovery is blood flow restriction (BFR) training. BFR training is a growing and novel development that could be a vital tool to lighten the burden of recovery from injury in athletes. BFR utilizes a pneumatic tourniquet to limit blood flow in specific areas of the body. The use of BFR has been shown to potentially enhance the analgesic effects of exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). By limiting pain, athletes will be less burdened by mobility and loading exercises required for them to effectively return to play. In a field where time away from sports can have massive implications, the need for tools to assist in the acceleration of the rehabilitation process is vital. Much of the work that has already been done in the field has been able to exploit the benefits of EIH and further enhance the body\'s capabilities through BFR. Studies have compared EIH at low- and high-intensity settings utilizing BFR with both resistance and aerobic exercise. The results of these studies show comparable beta-endorphin levels with high-intensity exercise without BFR and low-intensity exercise with BFR. Low-intensity training with BFR had greater local pain relief, perhaps indicating the promising effects of BFR in enhancing EIH. By reviewing the current literature on this topic, we hope that further progress can be made to better understand the mechanism behind BFR and its ability to enhance EIH. Currently, local metabolites are a major focus for the potential mechanism behind these effects. Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs) contribute to local pain pathways via mast cell degranulation. Similarly, chemokine receptor 2/chemokine ligand 2 (CCR2/CCL2) triggers mast cell degranulation and inflammation-induced pain. Finally, pain-reducing effects have been linked to anti-inflammatory IL-10 signaling and anaerobic metabolites via transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Through a better understanding of these metabolites and their mechanisms, it is possible to further exploit the use of BFR to not only serve athletes recovering from injury but also apply this information to better serve all patients.
摘要：
总的来说,运动医学非常需要确保运动员能够有效地从伤病中恢复过来，然而彻底的方式。至关重要的是，在这一过程中不要避免必要的困难，也要确保及时有效的康复。实现及时恢复的更有前途的技术之一是血流限制（BFR）训练。BFR训练是一项不断发展和新颖的发展，可能是减轻运动员受伤恢复负担的重要工具。BFR利用气动止血带来限制身体特定区域的血液流动。已显示使用BFR可能会增强运动引起的痛觉减退（EIH）的镇痛作用。通过限制疼痛，运动员将减少他们有效恢复比赛所需的行动和负荷练习的负担。在远离运动的时间可能会产生巨大影响的领域，需要工具来协助加速康复进程是至关重要的。在该领域已经完成的许多工作已经能够利用EIH的好处，并通过BFR进一步增强身体的能力。研究已经比较了利用BFR在低强度和高强度设置下的EIH与阻力和有氧运动。这些研究的结果表明，在没有BFR的高强度运动和有BFR的低强度运动中，β-内啡肽水平相当。使用BFR的低强度训练可以更好地缓解局部疼痛，也许表明BFR在增强EIH方面具有有希望的作用。通过回顾当前关于这一主题的文献，我们希望能够取得进一步进展，以更好地了解BFR背后的机制及其增强EIH的能力。目前,局部代谢物是这些效应背后潜在机制的主要焦点。Mas相关的G蛋白偶联受体（Mrgprs）通过肥大细胞脱颗粒促进局部疼痛途径。同样，趋化因子受体2/趋化因子配体2(CCR2/CCL2)触发肥大细胞脱颗粒和炎症诱导的疼痛。最后,减轻疼痛的作用与通过瞬时受体电位香草酸1(TRPV1)的抗炎IL-10信号和厌氧代谢产物有关.通过更好地了解这些代谢物及其机制，有可能进一步利用BFR的使用,不仅为受伤康复的运动员提供服务,而且还将这些信息用于更好地为所有患者提供服务.
