PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In Greek mythology, Sisyphus, king of the Corinthians, dared to deceive the gods and was condemned to roll a boulder to the top of a mountain for all eternity. Shortly before reaching the summit, however, the boulder rolled back down into the valley, and the arduous task had to begin anew. Many of the contents of this classic myth are reminiscent of the therapeutic approach to addictive disorders. In addiction therapy, too, it is often a long and rocky road that ends with a relapse. The therapeutic effort was not entirely in vain, but one often begins to doubt its usefulness. In terms of Sisyphus and a Bio-Psycho-Social Model (BPSM) of health and disease, addiction can be located at the end of a downward spiral. By extension of the BPSM, can addictive disease be considered an expression of existential neurosis? The results of our own research speak in favor of this and show a clearly reduced experience of sense and meaning, but also diminished feelings of hope and forgiveness in addiction patients. However, positive correlations between various parameters of existential well-being and mental health or more appropriate stress coping are also found for the addiction group. These results are supported by neuronal correlates and are mirrored in the general population. Based on this, the consideration of existential issues in addiction therapy can be discussed. Finally, the use of art therapy and work training are proposed as examples of a meaning based therapeutic intervention in dealing with people with addictive diseases.
摘要：
在希腊神话中,西西弗斯,哥林多前的国王,敢于欺骗众神，并被判永远将巨石滚到山顶。在登顶前不久，然而,巨石滚回山谷，艰巨的任务必须重新开始。这个经典神话的许多内容都让人想起成瘾性疾病的治疗方法。在成瘾治疗中，也是,这通常是一条漫长而崎岖的道路，以复发告终。治疗努力并没有完全白费，但是人们经常开始怀疑它的有用性。就西西弗斯和健康与疾病的生物心理社会模型（BPSM）而言，成瘾可以位于螺旋式下降的末端。通过扩展BPSM，上瘾的疾病可以被认为是存在神经症的表现吗？我们自己的研究结果支持这一点，并显示出明显减少的感觉和意义体验，但也减少了成瘾患者的希望和宽恕感。然而,成瘾组的生存幸福感与心理健康或更适当的压力应对的各种参数之间也存在正相关。这些结果得到神经元相关性的支持，并在一般人群中得到反映。基于此,可以讨论成瘾治疗中存在问题的考虑。最后,艺术疗法和工作培训的使用被提出作为一个基于意义的治疗干预的例子，在处理人们与成瘾性疾病。
