Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Evidence on the impact of oral piercings on periodontal conditions is scarce. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the influence of oral piercings on periodontal health.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for studies published by 6 June 2023, using three electronic databases and a hand search. Clinical trials including ≥10 patients wearing ≥1 oral piercing and presenting data on probing pocket depths (PPDs) were considered. Primary outcomes were PPD, and secondary outcomes included clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession, bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque score (PI). A synthesis of results, using a vote-counting method, was applied.
RESULTS: From 131 titles identified, eight studies, published between 2007 and 2022, were included. Out of these were six cross-sectional studies and two case series. A total of 236 lip piercings and 236 tongue piercings in overall 408 patients were analyzed. In patients with tongue piercings, teeth adjacent to the piercing showed increased PPD (3 of 5 studies), more CAL (3 of 4 studies), more gingival recessions (4 of 4 studies) and a higher BOP (2 of 3 studies) compared with control teeth. In patients with lip piercings, teeth adjacent to the piercing demonstrated more gingival recessions (3 of 4 studies) compared with control teeth. Time since piercing placement was associated with localized periodontal destruction in patients with tongue and/or lip piercings (4 of 7 studies).
CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence from eight studies suggests negative effects of tongue piercings on several periodontal health parameters of adjacent teeth, while gingival recessions were frequently detected in patients with lip piercings.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for studies published by 6 June 2023, using three electronic databases and a hand search. Clinical trials including ≥10 patients wearing ≥1 oral piercing and presenting data on probing pocket depths (PPDs) were considered. Primary outcomes were PPD, and secondary outcomes included clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession, bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque score (PI). A synthesis of results, using a vote-counting method, was applied.
RESULTS: From 131 titles identified, eight studies, published between 2007 and 2022, were included. Out of these were six cross-sectional studies and two case series. A total of 236 lip piercings and 236 tongue piercings in overall 408 patients were analyzed. In patients with tongue piercings, teeth adjacent to the piercing showed increased PPD (3 of 5 studies), more CAL (3 of 4 studies), more gingival recessions (4 of 4 studies) and a higher BOP (2 of 3 studies) compared with control teeth. In patients with lip piercings, teeth adjacent to the piercing demonstrated more gingival recessions (3 of 4 studies) compared with control teeth. Time since piercing placement was associated with localized periodontal destruction in patients with tongue and/or lip piercings (4 of 7 studies).
CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence from eight studies suggests negative effects of tongue piercings on several periodontal health parameters of adjacent teeth, while gingival recessions were frequently detected in patients with lip piercings.
摘要：
目的：关于口腔穿孔对牙周状况影响的证据很少。因此，本系统综述的目的是评估口腔穿孔对牙周健康的影响。
方法：使用三个电子数据库和手工搜索，对2023年6月6日发表的研究进行了系统的文献检索。考虑了包括≥10名患者佩戴≥1个口腔穿孔并提供有关探查口袋深度（PPD）的数据的临床试验。主要结果是PPD，次要结局包括临床附着丧失（CAL），牙龈衰退，探查出血(BOP),和斑块评分(PI)。综合结果，使用计票方法，已应用。
结果：从确定的131个标题中，八项研究,2007年至2022年出版的，包括在内。其中有六个横断面研究和两个病例系列。共分析了408例患者的236例唇穿孔和236例舌穿孔。在舌头穿孔的患者中，穿孔附近的牙齿显示PPD增加（5项研究中的3项），更多CAL（4项研究中的3项），与对照牙齿相比，牙龈凹陷更多（4项研究中的4项）和BOP更高（3项研究中的2项）。在嘴唇穿孔的患者中，与对照牙齿相比，穿孔附近的牙齿表现出更多的牙龈凹陷（4项研究中的3项）。在舌头和/或嘴唇穿孔的患者中，自穿刺放置以来的时间与局部牙周破坏有关（7项研究中的4项）。
结论：来自8项研究的现有证据表明，舌头穿孔对相邻牙齿的一些牙周健康参数有负面影响，而在嘴唇穿孔的患者中经常发现牙龈凹陷。
方法：使用三个电子数据库和手工搜索，对2023年6月6日发表的研究进行了系统的文献检索。考虑了包括≥10名患者佩戴≥1个口腔穿孔并提供有关探查口袋深度（PPD）的数据的临床试验。主要结果是PPD，次要结局包括临床附着丧失（CAL），牙龈衰退，探查出血(BOP),和斑块评分(PI)。综合结果，使用计票方法，已应用。
结果：从确定的131个标题中，八项研究,2007年至2022年出版的，包括在内。其中有六个横断面研究和两个病例系列。共分析了408例患者的236例唇穿孔和236例舌穿孔。在舌头穿孔的患者中，穿孔附近的牙齿显示PPD增加（5项研究中的3项），更多CAL（4项研究中的3项），与对照牙齿相比，牙龈凹陷更多（4项研究中的4项）和BOP更高（3项研究中的2项）。在嘴唇穿孔的患者中，与对照牙齿相比，穿孔附近的牙齿表现出更多的牙龈凹陷（4项研究中的3项）。在舌头和/或嘴唇穿孔的患者中，自穿刺放置以来的时间与局部牙周破坏有关（7项研究中的4项）。
结论：来自8项研究的现有证据表明，舌头穿孔对相邻牙齿的一些牙周健康参数有负面影响，而在嘴唇穿孔的患者中经常发现牙龈凹陷。
