Abstract：
This study investigated the level of satisfaction with life (SWL) in a group of cochlear implant (CI) users who had been prelingually deaf but were orally educated. They had received one or two CIs (as a child, adolescent, or adult) and were highly competent Polish speakers. This study looked at three factors that may affect SWL - psychosocial, deafness/hearing and communication related, and sociodemographic.
The participants were prelingually deaf CI users who had learned highly competent spoken Polish as their primary language. They had been educated in mainstream or integrated schools (not schools for the deaf), and had no other disability or severe illness. Measurements were done with 5 questionnaires: the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the I-Others Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Deaf Identity Development Scale (DIDS), and the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ).
The SWL level of the group was similar to that of the standard Polish population. SWL was positively related to positive self-perception, acceptance of oneself as a deaf person, and to perceiving the benefits of having a CI (as measured by three NCIQ domains: self-esteem, activity limitations, and social interactions). On the other hand, negative self-perception, marginal deaf identity, and depressive symptoms were negatively related to SWL. There was no relationship between SWL and knowledge of sign language. Lower depressive symptoms and greater hearing loss were both significant predictors of SWL, although those who used two CIs generally had a lower SWL.
Prelingually deaf CI users with low SWL require psychological support in many spheres, including working through problems of deaf identity, self-acceptance, and depression. Additional research should involve diverse DHH CI users, including those with limited spoken Polish competency or sign language skills, as well as members of the Polish Deaf community.
The participants were prelingually deaf CI users who had learned highly competent spoken Polish as their primary language. They had been educated in mainstream or integrated schools (not schools for the deaf), and had no other disability or severe illness. Measurements were done with 5 questionnaires: the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the I-Others Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Deaf Identity Development Scale (DIDS), and the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ).
The SWL level of the group was similar to that of the standard Polish population. SWL was positively related to positive self-perception, acceptance of oneself as a deaf person, and to perceiving the benefits of having a CI (as measured by three NCIQ domains: self-esteem, activity limitations, and social interactions). On the other hand, negative self-perception, marginal deaf identity, and depressive symptoms were negatively related to SWL. There was no relationship between SWL and knowledge of sign language. Lower depressive symptoms and greater hearing loss were both significant predictors of SWL, although those who used two CIs generally had a lower SWL.
Prelingually deaf CI users with low SWL require psychological support in many spheres, including working through problems of deaf identity, self-acceptance, and depression. Additional research should involve diverse DHH CI users, including those with limited spoken Polish competency or sign language skills, as well as members of the Polish Deaf community.
摘要：
背景：这项研究调查了一组语前耳聋但接受过口头教育的人工耳蜗（CI）使用者的生活满意度（SWL）水平。他们收到了一个或两个(小时候，青春期,或成人），并且是精通波兰语的人。这项研究考察了可能影响SWL的三个因素-社会心理，耳聋/听力和沟通相关，和社会人口统计学。
方法：参与者是语前deafCI用户，他们学习了非常有能力的波兰语口语作为他们的主要语言。他们在主流或综合学校（不是聋人学校）接受教育，没有其他残疾或严重疾病。用5份问卷进行测量：生活满意度量表(SWLS)，我-其他人问卷，患者健康问卷（PHQ-9），聋人身份发展量表(DIDS)，和奈梅亨人工耳蜗植入问卷（NCIQ）。
结果：该组的SWL水平与标准波兰人群相似。SWL与积极的自我感知呈正相关，接受自己作为一个聋人，并感知拥有aCI的好处(由三个NCIQ领域衡量：自尊，活动限制，和社交互动)。另一方面,消极的自我感知，边缘聋人身份，抑郁症状与SWL呈负相关。SWL与手语知识之间没有关系。较低的抑郁症状和较高的听力损失都是SWL的重要预测因子，尽管使用两种CI的人通常SWL较低。
结论：低SWL的前继性deafCI用户需要在许多领域的心理支持，包括解决聋人身份问题，自我接受,和抑郁症。其他研究应涉及不同的DHHCI用户，包括波兰语口语能力或手语技能有限的人，以及波兰聋人社区的成员。
方法：参与者是语前deafCI用户，他们学习了非常有能力的波兰语口语作为他们的主要语言。他们在主流或综合学校（不是聋人学校）接受教育，没有其他残疾或严重疾病。用5份问卷进行测量：生活满意度量表(SWLS)，我-其他人问卷，患者健康问卷（PHQ-9），聋人身份发展量表(DIDS)，和奈梅亨人工耳蜗植入问卷（NCIQ）。
结果：该组的SWL水平与标准波兰人群相似。SWL与积极的自我感知呈正相关，接受自己作为一个聋人，并感知拥有aCI的好处(由三个NCIQ领域衡量：自尊，活动限制，和社交互动)。另一方面,消极的自我感知，边缘聋人身份，抑郁症状与SWL呈负相关。SWL与手语知识之间没有关系。较低的抑郁症状和较高的听力损失都是SWL的重要预测因子，尽管使用两种CI的人通常SWL较低。
结论：低SWL的前继性deafCI用户需要在许多领域的心理支持，包括解决聋人身份问题，自我接受,和抑郁症。其他研究应涉及不同的DHHCI用户，包括波兰语口语能力或手语技能有限的人，以及波兰聋人社区的成员。
