Abstract：
Avoiding the probable dangerous side effects of synthetic drugs, this study aims the identification of natural antioxidant and antitumor agents from J. integerrima leaf and floral extracts. A highly efficient and fast UPLC/ESI-qTOF-HRMS/MS screening has led to characterization of 30 flavonoids, i.e. 12 flavonols, 6 flavones, 3 dihydroflavonols, 4 anthocyanins (flower), 2 dihydroflavonols, and 3 isoflavones from both J. integerrima extracts. In addition, six major polyphenols were identified for the first time from leaf extract, and their structures were established as apigenin 7-O-β-d-neohesperidoside (rhoifolin, 1), apigenin 8-C-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside (vitexin, 2), luteolin 6-C-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside (isoorientin, 3), 6,6″-di-C-β-D-4C1-glucopyranosyl-methylene-biapigenin (Jatrophenol-I, 4), (E)-p-coumaric acid methyl ester (5), and (E)-ferulic acid methyl ester (6) with HRESI-MS and NMR analyses. The in vitro antioxidant activity of both extracts and major pure isolates was decided using DPPH, reducing power capability, FRAP, and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and their in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (EACC), as well.The flower extract and compound 3 have shown the strongest antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. At low concentrations (25 µg/mL), they showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging ability (79.63 ± 0.42 and 76.20 ± 0.35%) regarding BHA (91.44 ± 0.29% at 100 µg/mL). In the parameter of absorbance, they exhibited higher reducing power ability (1.402 ± 0.025 and 1.178 ± 0.019%) than that of BHA (0.975 ± 0.013 at 100 µg/mL). Similarly, they proved superior FRAP (1427 ± 9.61 and 1377 ± 13.61 µmol Trolox/ 100 g) and highest ABTS activity (80.19 ± 0.55 and 68.38 ± 0.19%), which are higher activities compared to BHA (88.42 ± 0.24% at 100 µg/mL). Furthermore, all samples gave noticeable cytotoxicity at the same concentration (100 µg/mL), especially the flower extract and compound 3 which showed a relatively high effect on the viability of EACC (81.12 ± 0.24 and 77.21 ± 0.76 %, respectively) relative to vincristine reference drug (90.64 ± 0.39 %). Based on the findings, the extracts and isolates can be considered as potent antioxidant and cytotoxic natural agents, especially flower extract and isoorientin (3), which may supply novel insight into their likely application in pharmaceutical industries.
摘要：
避免合成药物可能的危险副作用，本研究旨在鉴定针叶花提取物中的天然抗氧化剂和抗肿瘤剂。一个高效和快速的UPLC/ESI-qTOF-HRMS/MS筛选导致30黄酮类化合物的表征,即12种黄酮醇，6个黄酮，3二氢黄酮醇，4花青素（花），2二氢黄酮醇，和3种异黄酮来自两种J.integerrima提取物。此外,首次从叶提取物中鉴定出六种主要的多酚，它们的结构被确定为芹菜素7-O-β-d-新橙皮苷(rhoifolin，1),芹菜素8-C-β-D-4C1-吡喃葡萄糖苷（牡丹素，2),木犀草素6-C-β-D-4C1-吡喃葡萄糖苷(isoorientin，3),6,6″-二-C-β-D-4C1-吡喃葡萄糖基-亚甲基-双芹菜素(Jatrophenol-I,4),(E)-对香豆酸甲酯(5)，和(E)-阿魏酸甲酯(6)用HRESI-MS和NMR分析。使用DPPH确定提取物和主要纯分离物的体外抗氧化活性，降低功率能力，FRAP,和ABTS自由基清除试验，并在艾氏腹水癌细胞（EACC）上评估了它们的体外细胞毒性，也是。花提取物和化合物3显示出最强的抗氧化和细胞毒性作用。在低浓度（25微克/毫升），它们对BHA的DPPH自由基清除能力最高（79.63±0.42和76.20±0.35％）（100µg/mL时为91.44±0.29％）。在吸光度参数中，它们的还原能力（1.402±0.025和1.178±0.019%）高于BHA（在100µg/mL时为0.975±0.013）。同样，他们证明了优异的FRAP（1427±9.61和1377±13.61µmolTrolox/100g）和最高的ABTS活性（80.19±0.55和68.38±0.19％），与BHA相比，活性更高（100µg/mL时为88.42±0.24%）。此外，所有样品在相同浓度（100µg/mL）下都具有明显的细胞毒性，特别是花提取物和化合物3对EACC的活力表现出相对较高的影响（81.12±0.24和77.21±0.76％，分别）相对于长春新碱参考药物（90.64±0.39%）。根据调查结果,提取物和分离物可以被认为是有效的抗氧化剂和细胞毒性天然药物，尤其是花提取物和异叶苷(3)，这可能会为它们在制药行业的可能应用提供新的见解。
