Abstract：
In many organisms, especially those of conservation concern, traditional lines of evidence for taxonomic delineation, such as morphological data, are often difficult to obtain. In these cases, genetic data are often the only source of information available for taxonomic studies. In particular, population surveys of mitochondrial genomes offer increased resolution and precision in support of taxonomic decisions relative to conventional use of the control region or other gene fragments of the mitochondrial genome. To improve quantitative guidelines for taxonomic decisions in cetaceans, we build on a previous effort targeting the control region and evaluate, for whole mitogenome sequences, a suite of divergence and diagnosability estimates for pairs of recognized cetacean populations, subspecies, and species. From this overview, we recommend new guidelines based on complete mitogenomes, combined with other types of evidence for isolation and divergence, which will improve resolution for taxonomic decisions, especially in the face of small sample sizes or low levels of genetic diversity. We further use simulated data to assist interpretations of divergence in the context of varying forms of historical demography, culture, and ecology.
摘要：
在许多生物体中，尤其是那些关心保护的人，分类学划定的传统证据，比如形态学数据，往往很难获得。在这些情况下,遗传数据通常是可用于分类学研究的唯一信息来源。特别是,与常规使用线粒体基因组的控制区或其他基因片段相比，线粒体基因组的人群调查提供了更高的分辨率和精确度，以支持分类学决策。为了改善鲸目动物分类学决策的定量指南，我们基于先前针对控制区域的努力，进行评估，对于整个有丝分裂基因组序列，一套对公认的鲸类动物种群的差异和可诊断性估计，亚种和物种。从这篇综述来看,我们推荐基于完整的有丝分裂基因组的新指南，结合其他类型的孤立和分歧的证据，这将提高分类决策的分辨率，特别是面对小样本量或低水平的遗传多样性。我们进一步使用模拟数据来帮助解释不同形式的历史人口学背景下的分歧，文化,和生态。
