Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested the role of primary laboratory tests in addition to clinical symptoms for patients suspected to have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which play a significant role in the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, the results of these studies are contradictory. The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical, serological, and immunological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients.
METHODS: This study was presented in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. This protocol is registered with the code CRD42019145410 in PROSPERO. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Science Direct, and EBSCO to find citations from the beginning of January 2019 until the beginning of April 2020 without any restrictions.
RESULTS: Finally, 51 studies, including 5,490 COVID-19 patients, were included in the present metaanalysis. The prevalence of different factors observed in laboratory findings was as follows: the prevalence of lymphopenia in patients with COVID-19 accounted for 51.6% (95% CI: 44.0-59.1), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) was 63.6% (95% CI: 57.0-69.8), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 62.5% (95% CI: 50.1-73.5), elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was 28.7% (95% CI: 9.0-62.1), elevated serum amyloid-A level was 74.7% (95% CI: 50.0-89.7), elevated procalcitonin level was 72.6% (95% CI: 58.1-83.5), elevated interleukin-6 level was 59.9% (95% CI: 48.2-70.5), reduced CD3 level was 68.3% (95% CI: 50.1-82.2), reduced CD4 level was 62.0% (95% CI: 51.1- 71.6), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level accounted for 53.1% (95% CI: 43.6-62.4), elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) accounted for 48.9% (95% CI: 30.4-67.7), reduced albumin and reduced pre-albumin levels in patients with COVID-19 were estimated to be 54.7% (95% CI: 38.1-70.2) and 49.0% (95% CI: 26.6-71.8), and D-dimer level was 44.9% (95% CI: 31.0-59.6).
CONCLUSIONS: The results show lymphopenia, elevated ESR level, elevated CRP level, elevated serum amyloid-A, elevated TNFα, elevated procalcitonin level, elevated interleukin-6 level, reduced CD3, reduced CD4, elevated BNP, elevated LDH, reduced albumin, reduced pre-albumin, and elevated Ddimer levels as the most common findings at the time of admission.
METHODS: This study was presented in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. This protocol is registered with the code CRD42019145410 in PROSPERO. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Science Direct, and EBSCO to find citations from the beginning of January 2019 until the beginning of April 2020 without any restrictions.
RESULTS: Finally, 51 studies, including 5,490 COVID-19 patients, were included in the present metaanalysis. The prevalence of different factors observed in laboratory findings was as follows: the prevalence of lymphopenia in patients with COVID-19 accounted for 51.6% (95% CI: 44.0-59.1), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) was 63.6% (95% CI: 57.0-69.8), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 62.5% (95% CI: 50.1-73.5), elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was 28.7% (95% CI: 9.0-62.1), elevated serum amyloid-A level was 74.7% (95% CI: 50.0-89.7), elevated procalcitonin level was 72.6% (95% CI: 58.1-83.5), elevated interleukin-6 level was 59.9% (95% CI: 48.2-70.5), reduced CD3 level was 68.3% (95% CI: 50.1-82.2), reduced CD4 level was 62.0% (95% CI: 51.1- 71.6), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level accounted for 53.1% (95% CI: 43.6-62.4), elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) accounted for 48.9% (95% CI: 30.4-67.7), reduced albumin and reduced pre-albumin levels in patients with COVID-19 were estimated to be 54.7% (95% CI: 38.1-70.2) and 49.0% (95% CI: 26.6-71.8), and D-dimer level was 44.9% (95% CI: 31.0-59.6).
CONCLUSIONS: The results show lymphopenia, elevated ESR level, elevated CRP level, elevated serum amyloid-A, elevated TNFα, elevated procalcitonin level, elevated interleukin-6 level, reduced CD3, reduced CD4, elevated BNP, elevated LDH, reduced albumin, reduced pre-albumin, and elevated Ddimer levels as the most common findings at the time of admission.
摘要：
背景：最近的研究表明，对于疑似2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的患者，除了临床症状外，初级实验室检查的作用，在COVID-19的诊断中起着重要作用。然而,这些研究的结果是矛盾的。本研究是为了评估生化，血清学,以及诊断COVID-19患者的免疫学测试。
方法：本研究按照PRISMA方案进行。此协议在PROSPERO中注册了代码CRD42019145410。我们在数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，包括WebofScience,PubMed/Medline,CINAHLScopus,科克伦图书馆,EMBASE,科学直接，和EBSCO寻找从2019年1月初到2020年4月初的引文，没有任何限制。
结果：最后，51项研究，包括5490例COVID-19患者，包括在本荟萃分析中。实验室发现的不同因素的患病率如下：COVID-19患者淋巴细胞减少的患病率为51.6％（95％CI：44.0-59.1），C反应蛋白（CRP）升高为63.6％（95％CI：57.0-69.8），红细胞沉降率（ESR）升高为62.5%（95%CI：50.1-73.5），肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）升高为28.7%（95%CI：9.0-62.1），血清淀粉样蛋白A水平升高为74.7%（95%CI：50.0-89.7），降钙素原水平升高为72.6%（95%CI：58.1-83.5），白细胞介素6水平升高为59.9％（95％CI：48.2-70.5），降低的CD3水平为68.3%（95%CI：50.1-82.2），CD4水平降低为62.0%（95%CI：51.1-71.6），乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平升高占53.1%（95%CI：43.6-62.4），脑钠肽（BNP）升高占48.9%（95%CI：30.4-67.7），COVID-19患者的白蛋白和前白蛋白水平降低估计为54.7%(95%CI：38.1-70.2)和49.0%(95%CI：26.6-71.8)，D-二聚体水平为44.9%(95%CI:31.0-59.6)。
结论：结果显示淋巴细胞减少，ESR水平升高，CRP水平升高，血清淀粉样蛋白A升高，TNFα升高，降钙素原水平升高,白细胞介素-6水平升高，CD3降低，CD4降低，BNP升高，LDH升高，减少白蛋白，前白蛋白减少，和D二聚体水平升高是入院时最常见的发现。
方法：本研究按照PRISMA方案进行。此协议在PROSPERO中注册了代码CRD42019145410。我们在数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，包括WebofScience,PubMed/Medline,CINAHLScopus,科克伦图书馆,EMBASE,科学直接，和EBSCO寻找从2019年1月初到2020年4月初的引文，没有任何限制。
结果：最后，51项研究，包括5490例COVID-19患者，包括在本荟萃分析中。实验室发现的不同因素的患病率如下：COVID-19患者淋巴细胞减少的患病率为51.6％（95％CI：44.0-59.1），C反应蛋白（CRP）升高为63.6％（95％CI：57.0-69.8），红细胞沉降率（ESR）升高为62.5%（95%CI：50.1-73.5），肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）升高为28.7%（95%CI：9.0-62.1），血清淀粉样蛋白A水平升高为74.7%（95%CI：50.0-89.7），降钙素原水平升高为72.6%（95%CI：58.1-83.5），白细胞介素6水平升高为59.9％（95％CI：48.2-70.5），降低的CD3水平为68.3%（95%CI：50.1-82.2），CD4水平降低为62.0%（95%CI：51.1-71.6），乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平升高占53.1%（95%CI：43.6-62.4），脑钠肽（BNP）升高占48.9%（95%CI：30.4-67.7），COVID-19患者的白蛋白和前白蛋白水平降低估计为54.7%(95%CI：38.1-70.2)和49.0%(95%CI：26.6-71.8)，D-二聚体水平为44.9%(95%CI:31.0-59.6)。
结论：结果显示淋巴细胞减少，ESR水平升高，CRP水平升高，血清淀粉样蛋白A升高，TNFα升高，降钙素原水平升高,白细胞介素-6水平升高，CD3降低，CD4降低，BNP升高，LDH升高，减少白蛋白，前白蛋白减少，和D二聚体水平升高是入院时最常见的发现。
