PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Biomechanical studies play an important role in understanding the pathophysiology of sleep disorders and providing insights to maintain sleep health. Computational methods facilitate a versatile platform to analyze various biomechanical factors in silico, which would otherwise be difficult through in vivo experiments. The objective of this review is to examine and map the applications of computational biomechanics to sleep-related research topics, including sleep medicine and sleep ergonomics. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Research gaps were identified through data synthesis on variants, outcomes, and highlighted features, as well as evidence maps on basic modeling considerations and modeling components of the eligible studies. Twenty-seven studies (n = 27) were categorized into sleep ergonomics (n = 2 on pillow; n = 3 on mattress), sleep-related breathing disorders (n = 19 on obstructive sleep apnea), and sleep-related movement disorders (n = 3 on sleep bruxism). The effects of pillow height and mattress stiffness on spinal curvature were explored. Stress on the temporomandibular joint, and therefore its disorder, was the primary focus of investigations on sleep bruxism. Using finite element morphometry and fluid-structure interaction, studies on obstructive sleep apnea investigated the effects of anatomical variations, muscle activation of the tongue and soft palate, and gravitational direction on the collapse and blockade of the upper airway, in addition to the airflow pressure distribution. Model validation has been one of the greatest hurdles, while single-subject design and surrogate techniques have led to concerns about external validity. Future research might endeavor to reconstruct patient-specific models with patient-specific loading profiles in a larger cohort. Studies on sleep ergonomics research may pave the way for determining ideal spine curvature, in addition to simulating side-lying sleep postures. Sleep bruxism studies may analyze the accumulated dental damage and wear. Research on OSA treatments using computational approaches warrants further investigation.
摘要：
生物力学研究在理解睡眠障碍的病理生理学和提供保持睡眠健康的见解方面发挥着重要作用。计算方法促进了一个通用的平台来分析计算机中的各种生物力学因素，否则很难通过体内实验。这篇综述的目的是研究和绘制计算生物力学在睡眠相关研究课题中的应用，包括睡眠医学和睡眠人体工程学。在PubMed上进行了系统搜索，Scopus,和WebofScience。通过对变体的数据合成确定了研究空白，结果，和突出的功能，以及有关符合条件的研究的基本建模注意事项和建模组件的证据图。27项研究（n=27）被归类为睡眠人体工程学（枕头上n=2；床垫上n=3），睡眠相关呼吸障碍（n=19阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停），和睡眠相关的运动障碍（睡眠磨牙症n=3）。探讨了枕头高度和床垫刚度对脊柱弯曲度的影响。对颞下颌关节的应力，因此它的无序，是睡眠磨牙症研究的主要焦点。使用有限元形态计量学和流体-结构相互作用，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的研究调查了解剖学变异的影响，舌头和软腭的肌肉激活，以及上呼吸道塌陷和阻塞的重力方向，除了气流压力分布。模型验证一直是最大的障碍之一，而单主题设计和代理技术导致对外部有效性的担忧。未来的研究可能会尝试在更大的队列中使用患者特定的负荷分布来重建患者特定的模型。睡眠人体工程学研究可能为确定理想的脊柱曲率铺平道路，除了模拟侧卧睡眠姿势。睡眠磨牙症研究可以分析累积的牙齿损伤和磨损。使用计算方法对OSA治疗的研究值得进一步研究。
