PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
During the last 20 years, molecular alterations have gained increasing significance in the diagnosis and biological assessment of tumors. Gliomas represent the largest group of tumors of the central nervous system, and the main aim of this review is to present the current knowledge on molecular pathways and their alterations in gliomas. A wide range of new insights has been gained, including evidence for the involvement of the WNT pathway or the hippo pathway in the pathobiology of gliomas, indicating a broad involvement of different pathways formerly not considered to play a central role in gliomas. Even new aspects of angiogenic, apoptotic, and metabolic pathways are presented, as well as the rapidly growing field of epigenetic processes, including non-coding RNAs. The two major conclusions drawn from the present review are the distinct interconnectivity of the whole spectrum of molecular pathways and the prominent role of non-coding RNAs, especially circular RNAs, in the regulation of specific targets. All these new insights are discussed, even considering the topic of the resistance to therapy of gliomas, along with aspects that are still incompletely understood, like the role of hydroxymethylation, or even ferroptosis, in the pathobiology of gliomas.
摘要：
在过去的20年里,分子改变在肿瘤的诊断和生物学评估中越来越重要。胶质瘤是中枢神经系统最大的一组肿瘤，这篇综述的主要目的是介绍神经胶质瘤分子通路及其改变的最新知识。获得了广泛的新见解，包括WNT途径或Hippo途径参与胶质瘤病理生物学的证据，表明以前不被认为在神经胶质瘤中起核心作用的不同途径的广泛参与。甚至血管生成的新方面，凋亡，并介绍了代谢途径，以及迅速发展的表观遗传过程领域，包括非编码RNA。从本综述中得出的两个主要结论是整个分子途径的不同相互联系和非编码RNA的突出作用。尤其是环状RNA，在具体指标的调控上。讨论了所有这些新见解，即使考虑到对神经胶质瘤治疗的抗性，以及仍然不完全理解的方面，比如羟甲基化的作用，甚至是铁性死亡，在神经胶质瘤的病理生物学中。
