PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Unconscious biases are one of the causes of health disparities. Health professionals have prejudices against patients due to their race, gender, or other factors without their conscious knowledge. This review aimed to provide an overview of research on unconscious bias among health professionals and to investigate the biases that exist in different regions of the world, the health professions that are considered, and the research gaps that still exist.
We conducted a scoping review by systematically searching PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and AMED. All records were double-screened and included if they were published between 2011 and 2021.
A total of 5186 records were found. After removing duplicates (n = 300), screening titles and abstracts (n = 4210), and full-text screening (n = 695), 87 articles from 81 studies remained. Studies originated from North America (n = 60), Europe (n = 13), and the rest of the world (n = 6), and two studies were of global scope. Racial bias was investigated most frequently (n = 46), followed by gender bias (n = 11), weight bias (n = 10), socio-economic status bias (n = 9), and mental illness bias (n = 7). Most of the studies were conducted by physicians (n = 51) and nurses (n = 20). Other health care professionals were rarely included in these studies.
Most studies show that health professionals have an implicit bias. Racial biases among physicians and nurses in the USA are well confirmed. Research is missing on other biases from other regions and other health professions.
We conducted a scoping review by systematically searching PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and AMED. All records were double-screened and included if they were published between 2011 and 2021.
A total of 5186 records were found. After removing duplicates (n = 300), screening titles and abstracts (n = 4210), and full-text screening (n = 695), 87 articles from 81 studies remained. Studies originated from North America (n = 60), Europe (n = 13), and the rest of the world (n = 6), and two studies were of global scope. Racial bias was investigated most frequently (n = 46), followed by gender bias (n = 11), weight bias (n = 10), socio-economic status bias (n = 9), and mental illness bias (n = 7). Most of the studies were conducted by physicians (n = 51) and nurses (n = 20). Other health care professionals were rarely included in these studies.
Most studies show that health professionals have an implicit bias. Racial biases among physicians and nurses in the USA are well confirmed. Research is missing on other biases from other regions and other health professions.
摘要：
背景：无意识偏见是健康差异的原因之一。由于种族原因，卫生专业人员对患者有偏见，性别,或其他因素没有他们有意识的知识。这篇综述旨在概述卫生专业人员中无意识偏见的研究，并调查世界不同地区存在的偏见。被考虑的卫生专业，以及仍然存在的研究空白。
方法：我们通过系统地搜索PubMed/MEDLINE，CINAHL,PsycINFO,心术,和AMED。所有记录都经过双重筛选，如果在2011年至2021年之间发布，则包括在内。
结果：共发现5186条记录。删除重复项（n=300）后，筛选标题和摘要(n=4210)，和全文筛选(n=695)，81项研究的87篇文章仍然存在。研究起源于北美（n=60），欧洲（n=13），和世界其他地方（n=6），两项研究具有全球范围。种族偏见被最频繁地调查(n=46)，其次是性别偏见(n=11)，权重偏差(n=10)，社会经济地位偏差(n=9)，和精神疾病偏见(n=7)。大多数研究由医生（n=51）和护士（n=20）进行。其他医疗保健专业人员很少被纳入这些研究。
结论：大多数研究表明卫生专业人员存在内隐偏见。美国医生和护士之间的种族偏见得到了很好的证实。缺乏对其他地区和其他卫生专业的其他偏见的研究。
方法：我们通过系统地搜索PubMed/MEDLINE，CINAHL,PsycINFO,心术,和AMED。所有记录都经过双重筛选，如果在2011年至2021年之间发布，则包括在内。
结果：共发现5186条记录。删除重复项（n=300）后，筛选标题和摘要(n=4210)，和全文筛选(n=695)，81项研究的87篇文章仍然存在。研究起源于北美（n=60），欧洲（n=13），和世界其他地方（n=6），两项研究具有全球范围。种族偏见被最频繁地调查(n=46)，其次是性别偏见(n=11)，权重偏差(n=10)，社会经济地位偏差(n=9)，和精神疾病偏见(n=7)。大多数研究由医生（n=51）和护士（n=20）进行。其他医疗保健专业人员很少被纳入这些研究。
结论：大多数研究表明卫生专业人员存在内隐偏见。美国医生和护士之间的种族偏见得到了很好的证实。缺乏对其他地区和其他卫生专业的其他偏见的研究。
