PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Although much in the lives of members of the Caiçara small-scale fishing communities of Lázaro and Saco da Ribeira in Ubatuba, southeastern Brazil would suggest hardship, that population expresses a surprising degree of satisfaction with life. In this paper, we use a social wellbeing lens as applied through an ethnographic, mixed methods approach to reflect on this overall sense that lives rooted in small-scale fishing are well worth living despite their many challenges. We see the classic maritime anthropology theme of identity at the heart of meaning and life satisfaction. Identity provides core aspects of how people engage with their realities and anchors values that are reference points in work and social relations. With reference to the relational nuances revealed by the social wellbeing perspective, however, we show that Caiçara and small-scale fishing identities are not monolithic, but reflect gender and other social positions, and personal and familial experiences. These experiences include grappling with the complex effects of economic, social, political, and environmental changes. We conclude by arguing that fisheries policy that seeks to prioritize human wellbeing would benefit by adopting a social wellbeing perspective. Fisheries policy could thereby take into account identity, values, and relational elements of social life that give meaning and a sense of belonging to small-scale fishers, while also recognizing the cross-cutting and often contradictory variations in human experience that arise from social and economic differences. This social fabric of small-scale fishers\' lives shapes their intentions and actions and is thus a necessary complication to the practice of fisheries management that its proponents need to consider.
摘要：
尽管在Ubatuba的Lázaro和SacodaRibeira的Caiçara小规模捕鱼社区成员的生活中有很多，巴西东南部会暗示困难，人们对生活的满意度令人惊讶。在本文中,我们使用通过人种学应用的社会福祉镜头，混合方法的方法来反思这种整体感觉，即植根于小规模捕鱼的生活非常值得生活，尽管它们面临许多挑战。我们将经典的海洋人类学主题视为意义和生活满意度的核心。身份提供了人们如何与现实互动的核心方面，并锚定了作为工作和社会关系参考点的价值观。参考社会福祉视角揭示的关系细微差别，然而,我们表明，凯萨拉和小规模捕鱼的身份不是单一的，但反映了性别和其他社会地位，以及个人和家庭经历。这些经验包括努力应对经济的复杂影响，社会,政治,和环境变化。最后，我们认为，寻求优先考虑人类福祉的渔业政策将通过采用社会福祉观点而受益。因此，渔业政策可以考虑到身份，值,和社会生活的关系元素赋予了小规模渔民的意义和归属感，同时也认识到由于社会和经济差异而引起的人类经验的交叉变化，而且往往是相互矛盾的。小规模渔民的这种社会结构塑造了他们的意图和行动，因此是其支持者需要考虑的渔业管理实践的必要复杂性。
