Abstract：
Aldehydes are recognized environmental toxicants that may affect lipid metabolism. For instance, acrolein has been found to increase serum triglyceride (TG) levels exclusively. However, it remains unclear whether other aldehydes are also associated with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), and what mechanisms may be involved. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2014) to identify associations between serum aldehydes, liver enzymes, and HTG. Serum aldehydes included crotonaldehyde (CRAL), propanaldehyde (3AL), butyraldehyde (4AL), pentanaldehyde (5AL), isopentanaldehyde (I5AL), and heptanaldehyde (7AL). Liver enzymes included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). HTG was defined as fasting TG levels ≥ 1.7 mmol/L. Aldehyde co-exposure was quantified using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), while mediation analysis was performed to investigate the role of liver enzymes. Among 1474 participants (mean age 38.6 years, male 50.0%), 426 were diagnosed with HTG. 4AL, 5AL, I5AL, and 7AL were shown to be positively associated with HTG (all P values <0.05). Aldehydes co-exposure was also positively associated with HTG (OR 1.706, 95%CI 1.299-2.240), with 5AL contributing the highest weight (35.3%). Furthermore, aldehydes co-exposure showed positive associations with ALT, AST, and GGT (all P values <0.05), and all four liver enzymes were positively associated with HTG (all P values <0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) may mediate the associations of 5AL and 7AL with HTG (all P values <0.05). This study identified a positive association between aldehyde co-exposure and HTG, which may be partially mediated by liver enzymes.
摘要：
醛是公认的可能影响脂质代谢的环境毒物。例如,已经发现丙烯醛仅增加血清甘油三酯(TG)水平。然而,目前尚不清楚其他醛是否也与高甘油三酯血症（HTG）有关，以及可能涉及的机制。这项横断面研究分析了来自国家健康和营养调查(NHANES，2013-2014)，以确定血清醛，肝酶，HTG。血清醛包括巴豆醛（CRAL），丙醛（3AL），丁醛（4AL），戊醛（5AL），异芬太尼醛（I5AL），和庚醛（7AL）。肝酶包括丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT），天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），碱性磷酸酶(ALP),和γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)。HTG定义为空腹TG水平≥1.7mmol/L。使用加权分位数和（WQS）回归和贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）量化醛共暴露，同时进行了介导分析以研究肝酶的作用。在1474名参与者中(平均年龄38.6岁，男性50.0%)，426例被诊断为HTG。4AL,5AL,I5AL,7AL与HTG呈正相关(所有P值<0.05)。醛类共暴露也与HTG呈正相关（OR1.706，95CI1.299-2.240），5AL的权重最高（35.3%）。此外，醛共暴露与ALT呈正相关，AST,和GGT（所有P值<0.05），4种肝酶均与HTG呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。中介分析显示，肝酶（ALT，AST,和GGT）可能介导5AL和7AL与HTG的关联（所有P值<0.05）。这项研究确定了醛共暴露与HTG之间的正相关，可能部分由肝脏酶介导。
