Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of zygomatic implant placement on the maxillary sinus using radiographic and clinical indicators.
METHODS: Patients with an atrophic maxilla who underwent zygomatic implant placement were included. The thickness and morphology of the Schneiderian membrane (SM), infundibular obstruction, and posterior bone wall of the maxillary sinus were analyzed. The generalized estimating equation and chi-square tests were performed to compare the measurements.
RESULTS: Fifty patients with 100 maxillary sinuses were included. In total, 148 zygomatic implants and 105 regular implants were placed in the maxilla. Overall, the mean pre- and postoperative SM thickness was 2.79 ± 3.26 mm and 3.97 ± 5.45 mm, respectively (p = 0.063). In sinuses with two zygomatic implants, the SM thickness increased significantly from 2.12 ± 2.14 mm preoperatively to 4.07 ± 6.14 mm postoperatively (p = 0.026). The number of sinuses with type IV morphology (fully radiopaque) increased from zero preoperatively to six (13%) postoperatively. Sinuses with a single zygomatic implant showed no difference in the pre- and postoperative SM thickness. Postoperatively, six sinuses had infundibulum obstructions. Postoperative osteitis of the bilateral sinuses was found in two patients.
CONCLUSIONS: We have proposed a new imaging evaluation method and system for evaluating the maxillary sinus response. Preoperative infundibulum obstruction combined with mucosal thickening and double zygomatic implant placement are more likely to induce postoperative maxillary sinus mucositis and osteitis.
METHODS: Patients with an atrophic maxilla who underwent zygomatic implant placement were included. The thickness and morphology of the Schneiderian membrane (SM), infundibular obstruction, and posterior bone wall of the maxillary sinus were analyzed. The generalized estimating equation and chi-square tests were performed to compare the measurements.
RESULTS: Fifty patients with 100 maxillary sinuses were included. In total, 148 zygomatic implants and 105 regular implants were placed in the maxilla. Overall, the mean pre- and postoperative SM thickness was 2.79 ± 3.26 mm and 3.97 ± 5.45 mm, respectively (p = 0.063). In sinuses with two zygomatic implants, the SM thickness increased significantly from 2.12 ± 2.14 mm preoperatively to 4.07 ± 6.14 mm postoperatively (p = 0.026). The number of sinuses with type IV morphology (fully radiopaque) increased from zero preoperatively to six (13%) postoperatively. Sinuses with a single zygomatic implant showed no difference in the pre- and postoperative SM thickness. Postoperatively, six sinuses had infundibulum obstructions. Postoperative osteitis of the bilateral sinuses was found in two patients.
CONCLUSIONS: We have proposed a new imaging evaluation method and system for evaluating the maxillary sinus response. Preoperative infundibulum obstruction combined with mucosal thickening and double zygomatic implant placement are more likely to induce postoperative maxillary sinus mucositis and osteitis.
摘要：
目的：从影像学和临床指标上探讨颌骨种植体对上颌窦的影响。
方法：包括患有萎缩性上颌骨的患者，这些患者接受了zy骨植入物的放置。施耐德膜（SM）的厚度和形态，漏斗梗阻,并对上颌窦后骨壁进行分析。进行了广义估计方程和卡方检验以比较测量结果。
结果：纳入50例上颌窦100例。总的来说,148个of骨植入物和105个常规植入物放置在上颌骨中。总的来说,术前和术后平均SM厚度为2.79±3.26mm和3.97±5.45mm，分别(p=0.063)。在有两个颧骨植入物的鼻窦中，SM厚度从术前2.12±2.14mm显著增加至术后4.07±6.14mm(p=0.026)。具有IV型形态（完全不透射线）的鼻窦数量从术前零增加到术后六个（13％）。具有单个zy骨植入物的鼻窦在术前和术后SM厚度上没有差异。术后,六个鼻窦有漏斗阻塞。在两名患者中发现了双侧窦的术后骨炎。
结论：我们提出了一种新的影像学评估方法和系统，用于评估上颌窦反应。术前漏斗状梗阻合并黏膜增厚及双颧骨种植体放置更容易诱发术后上颌窦黏膜炎和骨炎。
方法：包括患有萎缩性上颌骨的患者，这些患者接受了zy骨植入物的放置。施耐德膜（SM）的厚度和形态，漏斗梗阻,并对上颌窦后骨壁进行分析。进行了广义估计方程和卡方检验以比较测量结果。
结果：纳入50例上颌窦100例。总的来说,148个of骨植入物和105个常规植入物放置在上颌骨中。总的来说,术前和术后平均SM厚度为2.79±3.26mm和3.97±5.45mm，分别(p=0.063)。在有两个颧骨植入物的鼻窦中，SM厚度从术前2.12±2.14mm显著增加至术后4.07±6.14mm(p=0.026)。具有IV型形态（完全不透射线）的鼻窦数量从术前零增加到术后六个（13％）。具有单个zy骨植入物的鼻窦在术前和术后SM厚度上没有差异。术后,六个鼻窦有漏斗阻塞。在两名患者中发现了双侧窦的术后骨炎。
结论：我们提出了一种新的影像学评估方法和系统，用于评估上颌窦反应。术前漏斗状梗阻合并黏膜增厚及双颧骨种植体放置更容易诱发术后上颌窦黏膜炎和骨炎。
