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Abstract：
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cause of cancer death among African men. The analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be utilized as a non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of PCa. In this study, we used small RNA sequencing to profile miRNAs cargo in plasma EVs from South African PCa patients. We evaluated the differential expression of miRNAs between low and high Gleason scores in the plasma EVs of South African patients and in the prostatic tissue from data available in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Data Portal. We identified 7 miRNAs differently expressed in both EVs and prostatic tissues. We evaluated their expression using qPCR in a larger cohort of 10 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 24 patients with PCa. Here, we reported that the ratio between two of these miRNAs (i.e., miR-194-5p/miR-16-5p) showed a higher concentration in PCa compared to BPH and in metastatic PCa compared to localized PCa. We explored for the first time the profiling of miRNAs cargo in plasma EVs as a tool for the identification of putative markers in the South African population. Our finding indicated the ratio miR-194-5p/miR-16-5p as a non-invasive marker for the evaluation of PCa aggressiveness in this population.
摘要：
前列腺癌（PCa）是非洲男性癌症死亡的最常见原因。血浆细胞外囊泡（EV）中microRNA（miRNA）的分析可用作诊断PCa的非侵入性工具。在这项研究中,我们使用小RNA测序来分析南非PCa患者血浆EV中的miRNA货物。我们根据癌症基因组图集（TCGA）数据门户中的数据评估了南非患者血浆EV和前列腺组织中低Gleason评分和高Gleason评分之间的miRNA差异表达。我们鉴定了在EV和前列腺组织中不同表达的7种miRNA。我们使用qPCR在10例良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者和24例PCa患者的更大队列中评估了它们的表达。这里,我们报道了这些miRNA中的两个之间的比率(即，与BPH相比，miR-194-5p/miR-16-5p）在PCa中显示出更高的浓度，与局部PCa相比，在转移性PCa中显示出更高的浓度。我们首次探索了血浆EV中miRNA货物的分析，作为鉴定南非人群中推定标记的工具。我们的发现表明miR-194-5p/miR-16-5p的比率作为评估该人群中PCa侵袭性的非侵入性标记。
