Abstract：
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory multisystemic disease of unknown etiology and autoimmune nature that predominantly affects peripheral joints in a symmetrical fashion. Although much progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of RA, its etiology remains unknown. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 play the important roles in the pathogenesis and maintenance of inflammation in RA. The presence of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies aids in the diagnosis in patients with undifferentiated polyarthritis and is associated with a more aggressive RA. The natural history of RA causes joint deformity and disability, as well as reduced life expectancy, both due to increased cardiovascular risk, pulmonary involvement, infections, iatrogenesis or tumors. Early diagnosis and the use of targeted drugs to induce early remission have improved the RA prognosis.
摘要：
类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种病因和自身免疫性质未知的慢性炎症性多系统疾病，主要以对称方式影响外周关节。尽管在了解RA的病理生理学方面取得了很大进展，其病因尚不清楚。肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α和白细胞介素（IL）-6在RA的发病和炎症维持中起重要作用。抗瓜氨酸化肽抗体的存在有助于未分化多关节炎患者的诊断，并与更具侵袭性的RA相关。RA的自然史导致关节畸形和残疾，以及预期寿命的减少，两者都是由于心血管风险增加，肺部受累，感染,医源性或肿瘤。早期诊断和使用靶向药物诱导早期缓解可改善RA的预后。
