Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To determine if transdermally delivered fentanyl can achieve greater concentrations of fentanyl in synovial fluid when applied over a synovial structure.
METHODS: Randomized, experimental study.
METHODS: Six healthy adult horses.
METHODS: Each horse had two 100 μg/h fentanyl matrix patches applied on the dorsal aspect of one, randomly assigned, carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) for 48 h. Whole blood and bilateral synovial samples from the intercarpal joint were obtained at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Fentanyl concentrations were measured with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
RESULTS: All subjects achieved detectable concentrations of fentanyl in both plasma and synovial fluid. Time to peak synovial and plasma concentration was 12 h. At 6 h, the synovial concentration in the untreated carpus (0.104 ng/mL ± 0.106) was lower than plasma fentanyl concentrations 0.31 ± 0.27 (p = .036). At 12 h, both treated (0.55 ng/mL ± 0.3) and untreated (0.53 ng/mL ± 0.28) synovial fluid fentanyl concentrations were lower than plasma (0.87 ng/mL ± 0.48) concentrations (p < .001 and p = .001, respectively). Synovial concentrations of fentanyl did not differ between treated and untreated joints (p > 0.608 for all time points).
CONCLUSIONS: Application of fentanyl matrix patches directly over the CMCJ did not result in increased fentanyl concentrations in the synovial fluid of the treated intercarpal joint in normal horses.
CONCLUSIONS: There is likely no analgesic advantage to placing fentanyl patches directly over the affected joint, as it did not result in increased synovial concentrations at the tested site.
METHODS: Randomized, experimental study.
METHODS: Six healthy adult horses.
METHODS: Each horse had two 100 μg/h fentanyl matrix patches applied on the dorsal aspect of one, randomly assigned, carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) for 48 h. Whole blood and bilateral synovial samples from the intercarpal joint were obtained at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Fentanyl concentrations were measured with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
RESULTS: All subjects achieved detectable concentrations of fentanyl in both plasma and synovial fluid. Time to peak synovial and plasma concentration was 12 h. At 6 h, the synovial concentration in the untreated carpus (0.104 ng/mL ± 0.106) was lower than plasma fentanyl concentrations 0.31 ± 0.27 (p = .036). At 12 h, both treated (0.55 ng/mL ± 0.3) and untreated (0.53 ng/mL ± 0.28) synovial fluid fentanyl concentrations were lower than plasma (0.87 ng/mL ± 0.48) concentrations (p < .001 and p = .001, respectively). Synovial concentrations of fentanyl did not differ between treated and untreated joints (p > 0.608 for all time points).
CONCLUSIONS: Application of fentanyl matrix patches directly over the CMCJ did not result in increased fentanyl concentrations in the synovial fluid of the treated intercarpal joint in normal horses.
CONCLUSIONS: There is likely no analgesic advantage to placing fentanyl patches directly over the affected joint, as it did not result in increased synovial concentrations at the tested site.
摘要：
目的：为了确定经皮递送的芬太尼在滑膜结构上施用时是否可以在滑液中获得更高浓度的芬太尼。
方法：随机化，实验研究。
方法：六匹健康的成年马。
方法：每匹马都有两个100μg/h的芬太尼基质贴剂，应用于一匹马的背侧，随机分配，腕掌关节（CMCJ）48h。在0、2、6、12、24、36和48h从腕关节获得全血和双侧滑膜样品。用液相色谱-质谱法测量芬太尼浓度。
结果：所有受试者在血浆和滑液中均达到可检测浓度的芬太尼。达到滑膜和血浆浓度峰值的时间为12小时。未经治疗的腕骨滑膜浓度(0.104ng/mL±0.106)低于血浆芬太尼浓度0.31±0.27(p=0.036).在12小时，治疗(0.55ng/mL±0.3)和未治疗(0.53ng/mL±0.28)的滑液芬太尼浓度均低于血浆浓度(0.87ng/mL±0.48)(分别为p<.001和p=.001).芬太尼的滑膜浓度在治疗和未治疗的关节之间没有差异(所有时间点的p>0.608)。
结论：在CMCJ上直接应用芬太尼基质贴剂不会导致正常马治疗腕间关节滑液中芬太尼浓度增加。
结论：将芬太尼贴剂直接放置在受影响的关节上可能没有镇痛优势，因为它没有导致测试部位的滑膜浓度增加。
方法：随机化，实验研究。
方法：六匹健康的成年马。
方法：每匹马都有两个100μg/h的芬太尼基质贴剂，应用于一匹马的背侧，随机分配，腕掌关节（CMCJ）48h。在0、2、6、12、24、36和48h从腕关节获得全血和双侧滑膜样品。用液相色谱-质谱法测量芬太尼浓度。
结果：所有受试者在血浆和滑液中均达到可检测浓度的芬太尼。达到滑膜和血浆浓度峰值的时间为12小时。未经治疗的腕骨滑膜浓度(0.104ng/mL±0.106)低于血浆芬太尼浓度0.31±0.27(p=0.036).在12小时，治疗(0.55ng/mL±0.3)和未治疗(0.53ng/mL±0.28)的滑液芬太尼浓度均低于血浆浓度(0.87ng/mL±0.48)(分别为p<.001和p=.001).芬太尼的滑膜浓度在治疗和未治疗的关节之间没有差异(所有时间点的p>0.608)。
结论：在CMCJ上直接应用芬太尼基质贴剂不会导致正常马治疗腕间关节滑液中芬太尼浓度增加。
结论：将芬太尼贴剂直接放置在受影响的关节上可能没有镇痛优势，因为它没有导致测试部位的滑膜浓度增加。
