PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dextrocardia is a rare congenital malformation in humans in which most of the heart mass is positioned in the right hemithorax rather than on the left. The heart itself may be normal and dextrocardia is sometimes diagnosed during non-related explorations. A few reports have documented atypical positions of the cardiac chambers in farmed teleost fish. Here, we report the casual finding of a left-right mirrored heart in an 85 cm long wild-caught spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) with several organ malformations. Macroscopic observations showed an outflow tract originating from the left side of the ventricular mass, rather than from the right. Internal inspection revealed the expected structures and a looped cavity. The inner curvature of the loop comprised a large trabeculation, the bulboventricular fold, as expected. The junction between the sinus venosus and the atrium appeared normal, only mirrored. MRI data acquired at 0.7 mm isotropic resolution and subsequent 3D-modeling revealed the atrioventricular canal was to the right of the bulboventricular fold, rather than on the left. Spurred by the finding of dextrocardia in the shark, we revisit our previously published material on farmed Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii), a non-teleost bony fish. We found several alevins with inverted (left-loop) hearts, amounting to an approximate incidence of 1%-2%. Additionally, an adult sturgeon measuring 90 cm in length showed abnormal topology of the cardiac chambers, but normal position of the abdominal organs. In conclusion, left-right mirrored hearts, a setting that resembles human dextrocardia, can occur in both farmed and wild non-teleost fish.
摘要：
心动过速是人类罕见的先天性畸形，其中大部分心脏肿块位于右半胸部而不是左侧。心脏本身可能是正常的，并且在非相关的探查期间有时会诊断出右位心。一些报告记录了养殖硬骨鱼心腔的非典型位置。这里,我们报告了在85厘米长的野生捕获的多刺dog鱼（Squalusacanthias）中偶然发现的左右镜像心脏，并伴有几种器官畸形。宏观观察显示流出道起源于心室质量的左侧，而不是从右边。内部检查发现了预期的结构和环形空腔。环的内部曲率包括一个大的小梁，球室褶皱,如预期。静脉窦和心房的交界处看起来正常,只有镜像。在0.7mm各向同性分辨率下获得的MRI数据和随后的3D建模显示房室管在球室褶皱的右侧，而不是左边。在鲨鱼中发现右位心的刺激下，我们重新审视我们以前发表的关于养殖亚得里亚海st鱼（AcipenserNaccarii）的材料，一种非硬骨鱼。我们发现了几个心脏倒置（左循环）的alevins，相当于大约1%-2%的发病率。此外,一只长90厘米的成年st鱼显示心腔拓扑结构异常，而是腹部器官的正常位置.总之,左右镜像的心，类似于人类右位心的环境，可能发生在养殖和野生非硬骨鱼中。
