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Abstract：
Liquid biopsy, as a non-invasive diagnostic tool, has recently gained significant attention in the field of oncology. It involves the analysis of various biomarkers present in bodily fluids, such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid, to provide information about the underlying cancer. In the case of WHO grade 4 astrocytomas, liquid biopsy has the potential to significantly impact the diagnosis and prognosis of this aggressive malignant brain tumor. By detecting specific genetic mutations, such as IDH1 or EGFR, and monitoring levels of circulating tumor DNA, liquid biopsy can aid in the early detection and monitoring of disease progression. This innovative approach is gradually being acknowledged as a less invasive and cost-effective procedure for cancer diagnosis and management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Various kinds of biomarkers circulating in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), such as circulating tumor cells (CTC) and different types of nucleic acids like cell-free DNA (cfDNA), cell-free RNA (ctRNA), and microRNAs (miRNA), have been identified. These biomarkers, which require dependable detection methods, are comparatively simple to obtain and allow for repeated measurements, making them significantly superior for disease monitoring. This review aims to compare the latest liquid biopsy analysis tools for both CSF and plasma in the central nervous system.
摘要：
液体活检,作为一种非侵入性诊断工具，最近在肿瘤学领域获得了极大的关注。它涉及对体液中存在的各种生物标志物的分析，如血液或脑脊液，提供有关潜在癌症的信息。以WHO4级星形细胞瘤为例,液体活检有可能显著影响这种侵袭性恶性脑肿瘤的诊断和预后。通过检测特定的基因突变，如IDH1或EGFR，监测循环肿瘤DNA的水平，液体活检可以帮助早期发现和监测疾病进展。这种创新方法逐渐被认为是一种侵入性较低且具有成本效益的癌症诊断和管理程序，以改善患者的预后和生活质量。在脑脊液（CSF）中循环的各种生物标志物，如循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）和不同类型的核酸，如无细胞DNA（cfDNA），无细胞RNA（ctRNA），和microRNAs（miRNA），已被确认。这些生物标志物,这需要可靠的检测方法，相对容易获得，并允许重复测量，使它们明显优于疾病监测。这篇综述旨在比较中枢神经系统中CSF和血浆的最新液体活检分析工具。
