PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Flax, or linseed, is considered a \"superfood\", which means that it is a food with diverse health benefits and potentially useful bioactive ingredients. It is a multi-purpose crop that is prized for its seed oil, fibre, nutraceutical, and probiotic qualities. It is suited to various habitats and agro-ecological conditions. Numerous abiotic and biotic stressors that can either have a direct or indirect impact on plant health are experienced by flax plants as a result of changing environmental circumstances. Research on the impact of various stresses and their possible ameliorators is prompted by such expectations. By inducing the loss of specific alleles and using a limited number of selected varieties, modern breeding techniques have decreased the overall genetic variability required for climate-smart agriculture. However, gene banks have well-managed collectionns of landraces, wild linseed accessions, and auxiliary Linum species that serve as an important source of novel alleles. In the past, flax-breeding techniques were prioritised, preserving high yield with other essential traits. Applications of molecular markers in modern breeding have made it easy to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for various agronomic characteristics. The genetic diversity of linseed species and the evaluation of their tolerance to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heavy metal tolerance, and temperature, as well as resistance to biotic stress factors, viz., rust, wilt, powdery mildew, and alternaria blight, despite addressing various morphotypes and the value of linseed as a supplement, are the primary topics of this review.
摘要：
亚麻,或者亚麻籽,被认为是“超级食物”，这意味着它是一种具有多种健康益处和潜在有用的生物活性成分的食品。它是一种多用途作物，因其种子油而备受赞誉，纤维，营养食品，和益生菌的品质。它适合各种栖息地和农业生态条件。由于环境环境的变化，亚麻植物会经历许多可能对植物健康产生直接或间接影响的非生物和生物应激源。这种期望促使人们研究各种压力的影响及其可能的改良剂。通过诱导特定等位基因的丢失并使用有限数量的选定品种，现代育种技术降低了气候智能型农业所需的总体遗传变异性。然而,基因库管理良好的地方品种集合，野生亚麻籽，和辅助Linum物种是新等位基因的重要来源。在过去,亚麻育种技术被优先考虑，与其他必要性状保持高产。分子标记在现代育种中的应用使鉴定各种农艺特性的数量性状基因座（QTL）变得容易。亚麻籽物种的遗传多样性及其对非生物胁迫的耐受性的评估，包括干旱,盐度,重金属耐受性，和温度，以及对生物应激因素的抗性，viz.,铁锈,wilt,白粉病，和交替菌枯萎病,尽管解决了各种形态类型和亚麻籽作为补充的价值，是这篇综述的主要议题。
