PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The incidence of heart valve disease (HVD) has been rising over the last few decades, mainly due to the increasing average age of the general population, and mitral valve (MV) disease is the second most prevalent HVD after calcific aortic stenosis, but MV disease is a heterogeneous group of different pathophysiological diseases. It is widely proven that regular physical activity reduces all-cause mortality rates, and exercise prescription is part of the medical recommendations for patients affected by cardiovascular diseases. However, changes in hemodynamic balance during physical exercise (including the increase in heart rate, preload, or afterload) could favor the progression of the MV disease and potentially trigger major cardiac events. In young patients with HVD, it is therefore important to define criteria for allowing competitive sport or exercise prescription, balancing the positive effects as well as the potential risks. This review focuses on mitral valve disease pathophysiology, diagnosis, risk stratification, exercise prescription, and competitive sport participation selection, and offers an overview of the principal mitral valve diseases with the aim of encouraging physicians to embody exercise in their daily practice when appropriate.
摘要：
心脏瓣膜疾病（HVD）的发病率在过去的几十年中一直在上升，主要是由于普通人口的平均年龄增加，二尖瓣（MV）疾病是继钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄之后的第二大最常见的HVD，但MV病是一组不同病理生理疾病的异质性。广泛证明，有规律的体育锻炼可以降低全因死亡率，运动处方是心血管疾病患者医疗建议的一部分。然而,体育锻炼期间血液动力学平衡的变化(包括心率的增加，预加载,或后负荷）可能有利于MV疾病的进展，并可能引发重大心脏事件。在年轻的HVD患者中，因此，重要的是定义允许竞技运动或运动处方的标准，平衡积极影响和潜在风险。本文就二尖瓣疾病的病理生理学,诊断,风险分层，运动处方,和竞技体育参与选择，并概述了主要的二尖瓣疾病，目的是鼓励医生在适当的时候在日常实践中体现锻炼。
