Abstract：
Health care workers, who worked intensively during the COVID-19 pandemic, faced some problems, including skin problems, due to the personal protective equipment (PPE) they used to control the spread of infection.
This study aimed to identify the skin problems because of using PPE by nurses during the delivery of health care in three COVID-19 intensive care units (ICUs) within one hospital service.
The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. The study was conducted with nurses working in three intensive care units in the metropolitan districts of Ankara, Turkey. The data were collected online with a questionnaire developed by the researchers between December 2021 and June 2022.
In this study, 82/120 (68.33%) nurses responded to the questionnaire at least once during the distribution period. The mean of the duration of PPE utilization per each time including goggles, N95 mask, bonnet, face-shield, gloves, boots/shoe covers and coverall was 3.76 ± 1.36 h. The proportion of nurses who experienced any skin problem related to any PPE at least two or more was 74/82 (90.24%). The proportion of pressure sores, acne, skin reaction including allergic dermatitis or contact urticaria, and regional pain varied between 4.9% and 79.3%. The proportion of nurses who applied any protective application to prevent skin problems was 53.66%. Among the protective applications, pressure-reducing surfaces were used the most. The use of protective applications for goggles (p = .010), bonnet (p = .000) and face shield (p = .000) effectively reduced PPE-related skin problems.
During the pandemic, nurses faced a wide variety of skin problems because of PPEs. It may be beneficial to design a study programme that reduces the duration of PPEs use in clinics. In addition, there is a need for effective protective applications to prevent skin problems and new development of PPE that do not cause skin problems.
In the pandemic, skin problems have developed because of the use of PPE in nurses who provide health care, intensively. These problems, which were not seen as a priority in the pandemic, may adversely affect the health of nurses, their performance in the treatment and care process and their work quality.
This study aimed to identify the skin problems because of using PPE by nurses during the delivery of health care in three COVID-19 intensive care units (ICUs) within one hospital service.
The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. The study was conducted with nurses working in three intensive care units in the metropolitan districts of Ankara, Turkey. The data were collected online with a questionnaire developed by the researchers between December 2021 and June 2022.
In this study, 82/120 (68.33%) nurses responded to the questionnaire at least once during the distribution period. The mean of the duration of PPE utilization per each time including goggles, N95 mask, bonnet, face-shield, gloves, boots/shoe covers and coverall was 3.76 ± 1.36 h. The proportion of nurses who experienced any skin problem related to any PPE at least two or more was 74/82 (90.24%). The proportion of pressure sores, acne, skin reaction including allergic dermatitis or contact urticaria, and regional pain varied between 4.9% and 79.3%. The proportion of nurses who applied any protective application to prevent skin problems was 53.66%. Among the protective applications, pressure-reducing surfaces were used the most. The use of protective applications for goggles (p = .010), bonnet (p = .000) and face shield (p = .000) effectively reduced PPE-related skin problems.
During the pandemic, nurses faced a wide variety of skin problems because of PPEs. It may be beneficial to design a study programme that reduces the duration of PPEs use in clinics. In addition, there is a need for effective protective applications to prevent skin problems and new development of PPE that do not cause skin problems.
In the pandemic, skin problems have developed because of the use of PPE in nurses who provide health care, intensively. These problems, which were not seen as a priority in the pandemic, may adversely affect the health of nurses, their performance in the treatment and care process and their work quality.
摘要：
背景：医护人员，在COVID-19大流行期间密集工作，面临一些问题，包括皮肤问题,由于他们使用个人防护设备（PPE）来控制感染的传播。
目的：本研究旨在确定在一家医院的三个COVID-19重症监护病房（ICU）中，护士在提供医疗保健期间使用PPE引起的皮肤问题。
方法：本研究设计为横断面调查。这项研究是在安卡拉都会区的三个重症监护病房工作的护士进行的，土耳其。数据是通过研究人员在2021年12月至2022年6月之间开发的问卷在线收集的。
结果：在这项研究中，82/120（68.33％）护士在分发期间至少回答了一次问卷。每次PPE使用持续时间的平均值，包括护目镜，N95面罩,引擎盖，面罩,手套,靴子/鞋套和鞋套为3.76±1.36h。经历过至少两个或两个以上与任何PPE相关的皮肤问题的护士比例为74/82（90.24％）。压疮的比例，痤疮,皮肤反应，包括过敏性皮炎或接触性荨麻疹，区域性疼痛在4.9%至79.3%之间。使用任何保护性应用来预防皮肤问题的护士比例为53.66％。在保护性应用中，减压表面使用最多。护目镜防护应用的使用（p=.010），引擎盖（p=.000）和面罩（p=.000）有效地减少了与PPE相关的皮肤问题。
结论：在大流行期间，护士面临各种各样的皮肤问题，因为PPEs。设计减少诊所使用PPEs的持续时间的研究计划可能是有益的。此外,需要有效的保护性应用以防止皮肤问题和不引起皮肤问题的PPE的新开发。
结论：在大流行中，由于在提供医疗保健的护士中使用PPE，密集。这些问题,这在大流行中没有被视为优先事项，可能会对护士的健康产生不利影响，他们在治疗和护理过程中的表现和工作质量。
目的：本研究旨在确定在一家医院的三个COVID-19重症监护病房（ICU）中，护士在提供医疗保健期间使用PPE引起的皮肤问题。
方法：本研究设计为横断面调查。这项研究是在安卡拉都会区的三个重症监护病房工作的护士进行的，土耳其。数据是通过研究人员在2021年12月至2022年6月之间开发的问卷在线收集的。
结果：在这项研究中，82/120（68.33％）护士在分发期间至少回答了一次问卷。每次PPE使用持续时间的平均值，包括护目镜，N95面罩,引擎盖，面罩,手套,靴子/鞋套和鞋套为3.76±1.36h。经历过至少两个或两个以上与任何PPE相关的皮肤问题的护士比例为74/82（90.24％）。压疮的比例，痤疮,皮肤反应，包括过敏性皮炎或接触性荨麻疹，区域性疼痛在4.9%至79.3%之间。使用任何保护性应用来预防皮肤问题的护士比例为53.66％。在保护性应用中，减压表面使用最多。护目镜防护应用的使用（p=.010），引擎盖（p=.000）和面罩（p=.000）有效地减少了与PPE相关的皮肤问题。
结论：在大流行期间，护士面临各种各样的皮肤问题，因为PPEs。设计减少诊所使用PPEs的持续时间的研究计划可能是有益的。此外,需要有效的保护性应用以防止皮肤问题和不引起皮肤问题的PPE的新开发。
结论：在大流行中，由于在提供医疗保健的护士中使用PPE，密集。这些问题,这在大流行中没有被视为优先事项，可能会对护士的健康产生不利影响，他们在治疗和护理过程中的表现和工作质量。
