PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In this study, we used microscopic, spectroscopic, and molecular analysis to characterize endolithic colonization in gypsum (selenites and white crystalline gypsum) from several sites in Sicily. Our results showed that the dominant microorganisms in these environments are cyanobacteria, including: Chroococcidiopsis sp., Gloeocapsopsis pleurocapsoides, Gloeocapsa compacta, and Nostoc sp., as well as orange pigmented green microalgae from the Stephanospherinia clade. Single cell and filament sequencing coupled with 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomic profiling provided new insights into the phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity of the endolithic cyanobacteria. These organisms form differently pigmented zones within the gypsum. Our metagenomic profiling also showed differences in the taxonomic composition of endoliths in different gypsum varieties. Raman spectroscopy revealed that carotenoids were the most common pigments present in the samples. Other pigments such as gloeocapsin and scytonemin were also detected in the near-surface areas, suggesting that they play a significant role in the biology of endoliths in this environment. These pigments can be used as biomarkers for basic taxonomic identification, especially in case of cyanobacteria. The findings of this study provide new insights into the diversity and distribution of phototrophic microorganisms and their pigments in gypsum in Southern Sicily. Furthemore, this study highlights the complex nature of endolithic ecosystems and the effects of gypsum varieties on these communities, providing additional information on the general bioreceptivity of these environments.
摘要：
在这项研究中,我们用显微镜，光谱学,和分子分析，以表征西西里岛几个地点的石膏（亚硒酸盐和白色结晶石膏）中的内植体定植。我们的结果表明，这些环境中的优势微生物是蓝细菌，包括：嗜铬球菌。,Gloeocapsopsis胸膜鞘，Gloeocapsacompacta,和Nostocsp。,以及来自Stephanosphinia进化枝的橙色色素绿色微藻。单细胞和细丝测序与16SrRNA扩增子宏基因组谱分析相结合，为石器时代的蓝细菌的系统发育和分类学多样性提供了新的见解。这些生物体在石膏内形成不同的着色区。我们的宏基因组分析还显示了不同石膏品种内积体的分类组成存在差异。拉曼光谱显示类胡萝卜素是样品中最常见的色素。在近表面区域还检测到其他颜料，例如gloeocapsin和scytonemin，这表明它们在这种环境中的内体生物学中起着重要作用。这些色素可以作为生物标志物用于基本的分类鉴定，特别是在蓝藻的情况下。这项研究的发现为西西里岛南部石膏中光养微生物及其色素的多样性和分布提供了新的见解。更重要的是，这项研究强调了内石器生态系统的复杂性以及石膏品种对这些群落的影响，提供有关这些环境的一般生物感受性的其他信息。
