Abstract：
Despite significant advances in understanding and treating social anxiety in the general population, progress in this area lags behind for individuals with intellectual disability. Fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability and is associated with an elevated prevalence rate of social anxiety. The phenotype of fragile X syndrome encompasses multiple clinically significant characteristics that are posed as risk markers for social anxiety in other populations. Here, evidence is reviewed that points to physiological hyperarousal, sensory sensitivity, emotion dysregulation, cognitive inflexibility, and intolerance of uncertainty as primary candidates for underlying mechanisms of heightened social anxiety in fragile X syndrome. A multilevel model is presented that provides a framework for future research to test associations.
摘要：
尽管在理解和治疗普通人群的社交焦虑方面取得了重大进展，对于智障人士来说，这方面的进展滞后。脆性X综合征是遗传性智力障碍的最常见原因，并与社交焦虑的患病率升高有关。脆性X综合征的表型包含多个临床上重要的特征，这些特征在其他人群中被认为是社交焦虑的风险标志物。这里,回顾了指向生理性过度觉醒的证据，感官敏感性，情绪失调,认知僵化，和不容忍不确定性作为脆弱X综合征社交焦虑加剧的潜在机制的主要候选者。提出了一个多层次模型，为未来的研究提供了一个框架来测试关联。
