PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Historically, bacteria of the phylum, Actinobacteria have been a very prominent source of bioactive compounds for drug discovery. Among the actinobacterial genera, Micrococcus has not generally been prioritized in the search for novel drugs. The bacteria in this genus are known to have very small genomes (generally < 3 Mb). Actinobacteria with small genomes seldom contain the well-characterized biosynthetic gene clusters such as those encoding polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases that current genome mining algorithms are optimized to detect. Nevertheless, there are many reports of substantial pharmaceutically relevant bioactivity of Micrococcus extracts. On the other hand, there are remarkably few descriptions of fully characterized and structurally elucidated bioactive compounds from Micrococcus spp. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the bioactivity of Micrococcus spp. that encompasses antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. This review uncovers the considerable biosynthetic potential of this genus and highlights the need for a re-examination of these bioactive strains, with a particular emphasis on marine isolates, because of their potent bioactivity and high potential for encoding unique molecular scaffolds.
摘要：
历史上,放线菌门的细菌一直是用于药物发现的生物活性化合物的非常突出的来源。在放线菌属中，在寻找新药时，通常不会优先考虑微球菌。已知该属中的细菌具有非常小的基因组(通常<3Mb)。具有小基因组的放线菌很少包含特征明确的生物合成基因簇，例如编码聚酮化合物合成酶和非核糖体肽合成酶的基因簇，当前的基因组挖掘算法已优化以检测这些基因簇。然而，有许多关于微球菌提取物的实质性药学相关生物活性的报道。另一方面,关于微球菌属的完全表征和结构阐明的生物活性化合物的描述很少。本文综述了微球菌的生物活性。,包括抗菌，抗真菌药,细胞毒性，抗氧化和抗炎活性。这篇综述揭示了该属的相当大的生物合成潜力，并强调了重新检查这些生物活性菌株的必要性。特别强调海洋隔离物，因为它们强大的生物活性和编码独特分子支架的高潜力。
