Abstract：
In today\'s world, non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) are recognized as substitutes for sugar or other high-calorie sweeteners, and their consumption is increasing dramatically. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the impact of NNSs on anthropometric indices. To fill this gap in knowledge, the current GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effects of artificial- and stevia-based sweeteners consumption on anthropometric indices and serum leptin level which is known as an appetite-regulating hormone. A comprehensive search was conducted on the Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases up to November 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of NNSs on anthropometric indices and serum leptin levels. Data extraction from qualified studies was performed independently by two researchers. A random- or fixed-effects model was used to estimate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for anthropometric indices such as body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), waist circumference (WC) and serum leptin level. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran\'s Q test and quantified using the I2 statistic. From a pool of 3212 studies initially identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 2158 subjects were included in the analysis. Results of the pooled analysis showed that NNSs consumption had a significant reducing effect on BW (WMD: -1.02, 95% CI: -1.57, -0.46 Kg), FM (WMD: -1.09, 95% CI: -1.90, -0.29), and FFM (WMD: -0.83, 95% CI: -1.42, -0.23), but did not have any significant effect on BMI (WMD: -0.16, 95% CI: -0.35, 0.02), WC (WMD: -1.03, 95% CI: -2.77, 0.72), or serum leptin level (WMD: -2.17, 95% CI: -4.98, 0.65). The findings of this study indicate that the consumption of artificial- and stevia-based sweeteners may lead to a reduction in body weight, fat mass, and free fat mass.
摘要：
在当今世界,非营养性甜味剂（NNS）被认为是糖或其他高热量甜味剂的替代品，他们的消费正在急剧增加。然而,关于NNS对人体测量指数的影响正在进行辩论。为了填补这一知识空白，我们对目前GRADE评估的随机对照试验(RCTs)进行了系统评价和荟萃分析,以评估食用人工和甜菊糖类甜味剂对人体测量指标和血清瘦素水平的影响,瘦素水平被称为食欲调节激素.对Scopus进行了全面搜索，PubMed,和截至2022年11月的Embase数据库，以确定随机对照试验（RCT），研究NNSs对人体测量指标和血清瘦素水平的影响。来自合格研究的数据提取由两名研究人员独立进行。使用随机或固定效应模型来估计人体测量指标（如体重（BW））的加权平均差（WMD）和95％置信区间（CI）。体重指数（BMI），脂肪量（FM），无脂质量（FFM），腰围（WC）和血清瘦素水平。使用CochranQ检验评估研究之间的异质性，并使用I2统计量进行量化。从最初确定的3212项研究中，分析中包括20项研究，总样本量为2158名受试者。汇总分析结果表明，NNSs消耗对BW有显著的降低作用（WMD：-1.02，95%CI：-1.57，-0.46Kg），FM（大规模杀伤性武器：-1.09，95%CI：-1.90，-0.29），和FFM（大规模杀伤性武器：-0.83，95%CI：-1.42，-0.23），但对BMI没有任何显著影响（WMD：-0.16，95%CI：-0.35，0.02），WC（大规模毁灭性武器：-1.03，95%CI：-2.77，0.72），或血清瘦素水平（WMD：-2.17，95％CI：-4.98，0.65）。这项研究的结果表明，食用人工和甜叶菊类甜味剂可能会导致体重下降，脂肪量,和自由脂肪量。
