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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Discharge of excreta to the environment lead to surface and groundwater contamination and human exposure to disease-causing micro-organisms. There is limitation of evidences regarding the latrine utilization among community-led total sanitation and hygiene implemented and non-implemented districts of the East Wollega Zone. Hence, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of latrine utilization among households in community-led total sanitation and hygiene implemented and non-implemented Districts in East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A Multi-stage sampling technique was applied to select the 461 households. Data were collected using interviews and observations guided by a pre-structured questionnaire. Data were entered using Epi Data and exported to SPSS software version 25 for data recording, cleaning, and statistical analysis. Bivariable logistic regression was run to identify the candidate variables at p-value <0.25. Variables that had associations with latrine utilization in the bi-variable analysis were entered together into multivariable logistic regression. An Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and P-value< 0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant association.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of latrine utilization was found to be 52.7% (95%CI:48%, 57.3%). Religion (AOR = 0.149;95%CI:0.044,0.506), education (AOR = 3.861;95%CI:1.642,9.077), occupation, absence of children <5 years (AOR = 4.724;95%CI:2.313,9.648), toilet cleaning (AOR = 10.662;95%CI:5.571,20.403), frequency of latrine construction (AOR = 6.441;95%CI:2.203,18.826), maintenance need (AOR = 6.446; 95%CI:3.023,13.744), distance from health institution (AOR = 0.987; 95%CI:0.978, 0.996), distance from kebele office (AOR = 6.478; 95%CI:2.137,19.635), and latrine distance from dwelling (AOR = 11.656; 95%CI:2.108, 64.44) were the factors associated with latrine use.
CONCLUSIONS: The latrine utilization in this study is low as compared to other studies. Religion, education, occupation, absence of children <5 years, toilet cleaning, frequency of latrine construction, maintenance need of the toilet, distance from health institution, distance from kebele, and latrine distance from dwelling are the associated factors of latrine utilization. Both households and health workers have to work together to improve latrine utilization and the safe disposal of children\'s feces.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A Multi-stage sampling technique was applied to select the 461 households. Data were collected using interviews and observations guided by a pre-structured questionnaire. Data were entered using Epi Data and exported to SPSS software version 25 for data recording, cleaning, and statistical analysis. Bivariable logistic regression was run to identify the candidate variables at p-value <0.25. Variables that had associations with latrine utilization in the bi-variable analysis were entered together into multivariable logistic regression. An Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and P-value< 0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant association.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of latrine utilization was found to be 52.7% (95%CI:48%, 57.3%). Religion (AOR = 0.149;95%CI:0.044,0.506), education (AOR = 3.861;95%CI:1.642,9.077), occupation, absence of children <5 years (AOR = 4.724;95%CI:2.313,9.648), toilet cleaning (AOR = 10.662;95%CI:5.571,20.403), frequency of latrine construction (AOR = 6.441;95%CI:2.203,18.826), maintenance need (AOR = 6.446; 95%CI:3.023,13.744), distance from health institution (AOR = 0.987; 95%CI:0.978, 0.996), distance from kebele office (AOR = 6.478; 95%CI:2.137,19.635), and latrine distance from dwelling (AOR = 11.656; 95%CI:2.108, 64.44) were the factors associated with latrine use.
CONCLUSIONS: The latrine utilization in this study is low as compared to other studies. Religion, education, occupation, absence of children <5 years, toilet cleaning, frequency of latrine construction, maintenance need of the toilet, distance from health institution, distance from kebele, and latrine distance from dwelling are the associated factors of latrine utilization. Both households and health workers have to work together to improve latrine utilization and the safe disposal of children\'s feces.
摘要：
背景：排泄物排放到环境中会导致地表和地下水污染以及人类暴露于致病微生物。东沃尔莱加区由社区主导的总体环境卫生和个人卫生利用和未实施的地区厕所利用的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在确定东沃尔莱加区社区主导的总体环境卫生和个人卫生实施区和未实施区的家庭厕所利用率的大小和相关因素，埃塞俄比亚西部。
方法：进行横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择了461户家庭。数据是通过预先结构化的问卷指导的访谈和观察收集的。数据使用Epi数据输入并导出到SPSS软件版本25进行数据记录。清洁,和统计分析。运行双变量逻辑回归以鉴定p值<0.25的候选变量。在双变量分析中与厕所利用率相关的变量一起输入到多变量逻辑回归中。计算具有95%置信区间的调整后的比值比,并且使用P值<0.05来声明统计学上显著的关联。
结果：发现厕所使用的总体患病率为52.7％（95CI：48％，57.3%）。宗教（AOR=0.149；95CI：0.044,0.506），教育（AOR=3.861；95CI：1.642,9.077），职业,5岁以下儿童缺席（AOR=4.724;95CI：2.313,9.648），厕所清洁（AOR=10.662；95CI：5.571,20.403），厕所建设频率(AOR=6.441；95CI：2.203,18.826)，维护需求(AOR=6.446；95CI：3.023,13.744)，与医疗机构的距离（AOR=0.987；95CI：0.978，0.996），与kebele办公室的距离(AOR=6.478；95CI：2.137,19.635)，和厕所与住宅的距离（AOR=11.656；95CI：2.108，64.44）是与厕所使用相关的因素。
结论：与其他研究相比，本研究中的厕所利用率较低。宗教,教育,职业,5岁以下儿童缺席，厕所清洁,厕所建设的频率，卫生间的维护需要,与卫生机构的距离，距离Kebele,厕所与住宅的距离是厕所利用的相关因素。家庭和卫生工作者必须共同努力，以改善厕所的利用率和儿童粪便的安全处置。
方法：进行横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择了461户家庭。数据是通过预先结构化的问卷指导的访谈和观察收集的。数据使用Epi数据输入并导出到SPSS软件版本25进行数据记录。清洁,和统计分析。运行双变量逻辑回归以鉴定p值<0.25的候选变量。在双变量分析中与厕所利用率相关的变量一起输入到多变量逻辑回归中。计算具有95%置信区间的调整后的比值比,并且使用P值<0.05来声明统计学上显著的关联。
结果：发现厕所使用的总体患病率为52.7％（95CI：48％，57.3%）。宗教（AOR=0.149；95CI：0.044,0.506），教育（AOR=3.861；95CI：1.642,9.077），职业,5岁以下儿童缺席（AOR=4.724;95CI：2.313,9.648），厕所清洁（AOR=10.662；95CI：5.571,20.403），厕所建设频率(AOR=6.441；95CI：2.203,18.826)，维护需求(AOR=6.446；95CI：3.023,13.744)，与医疗机构的距离（AOR=0.987；95CI：0.978，0.996），与kebele办公室的距离(AOR=6.478；95CI：2.137,19.635)，和厕所与住宅的距离（AOR=11.656；95CI：2.108，64.44）是与厕所使用相关的因素。
结论：与其他研究相比，本研究中的厕所利用率较低。宗教,教育,职业,5岁以下儿童缺席，厕所清洁,厕所建设的频率，卫生间的维护需要,与卫生机构的距离，距离Kebele,厕所与住宅的距离是厕所利用的相关因素。家庭和卫生工作者必须共同努力，以改善厕所的利用率和儿童粪便的安全处置。
