Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: There were only two definitions of iodine-deficient (water iodine concentration < 10 μg/L) and iodine-excess areas (water iodine concentration > 100 μg/L) in China before 2020. Areas with water iodine concentration between 10 and 100 μg/L implement the same policy as iodine-deficient areas to provide iodized salt. The definition of iodine-adequate areas was formulated in 2020 for the first time. The paper aims to investigate the coverage rate of iodized salt (CR) in different areas defined according to the latest national standards, evaluate the iodine status of local women, and provide a basis for the revision and improvement of relevant policies.
METHODS: A total of 1948 women aged 18-60 were recruited from the iodine extra-high areas (IEHA), iodine-excess areas (IEA), iodine-adequate areas (IAA), inland iodine-deficient areas (IIDA), and coastal iodine-deficient areas (CIDA). Information on daily diet was collected with the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Drinking water, salt, food, and urine samples were collected and tested in our laboratory. Based on the recommended daily iodine intake, we assessed whether the subjects\' daily iodine intake levels were adequate.
RESULTS: The CR and the median urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) were 4.02% and 98.03 μg/L in CIDA, 89.74% and 144.93 μg/L in IIDA, 26.55% and 178.60 μg/L in IAA, 8.78% and 446.5 μg/L in IEA, 3.95% and 605.4 μg/L in IEHA, respectively. The differences among these five areas were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The daily dietary iodine intakes were mainly from drinking water in IAA (63.92%), IEA (92.29%), and IEHA (92.93%), and were mainly from iodized salt in IIDA (59.22%) and food in CIDA (86.6%).
CONCLUSIONS: Women in IAA and IIDA were in an adequate iodine state. Women in IEA and IEHA were in an iodine-excess state, and it is necessary to carry out water improvements projects. Women in CIDA were in a slight iodine-deficient state, and health education on scientific iodine fortification should be strengthened to increase iodine intake.
METHODS: A total of 1948 women aged 18-60 were recruited from the iodine extra-high areas (IEHA), iodine-excess areas (IEA), iodine-adequate areas (IAA), inland iodine-deficient areas (IIDA), and coastal iodine-deficient areas (CIDA). Information on daily diet was collected with the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Drinking water, salt, food, and urine samples were collected and tested in our laboratory. Based on the recommended daily iodine intake, we assessed whether the subjects\' daily iodine intake levels were adequate.
RESULTS: The CR and the median urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) were 4.02% and 98.03 μg/L in CIDA, 89.74% and 144.93 μg/L in IIDA, 26.55% and 178.60 μg/L in IAA, 8.78% and 446.5 μg/L in IEA, 3.95% and 605.4 μg/L in IEHA, respectively. The differences among these five areas were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The daily dietary iodine intakes were mainly from drinking water in IAA (63.92%), IEA (92.29%), and IEHA (92.93%), and were mainly from iodized salt in IIDA (59.22%) and food in CIDA (86.6%).
CONCLUSIONS: Women in IAA and IIDA were in an adequate iodine state. Women in IEA and IEHA were in an iodine-excess state, and it is necessary to carry out water improvements projects. Women in CIDA were in a slight iodine-deficient state, and health education on scientific iodine fortification should be strengthened to increase iodine intake.
摘要：
目的：在2020年以前，我国只有碘缺乏（水碘浓度<10μg/L）和碘过量地区（水碘浓度>100μg/L）两种定义。水碘浓度在10至100μg/L之间的地区实施与缺碘地区相同的政策，以提供碘盐。碘充足地区的定义是在2020年首次制定的。本文旨在调查根据最新国家标准定义的不同地区碘盐（CR）的覆盖率，评估当地妇女的碘状况，为相关政策的修订和完善提供依据。
方法：从碘超高地区（IEHA）招募了1948名18-60岁的女性，碘过剩地区（IEA），碘充足区（IAA），内陆缺碘地区(IIDA)，和沿海缺碘地区(加开发署)。通过食物频率问卷收集有关日常饮食的信息。饮用水,盐,食物,和尿液样本在我们的实验室收集和测试。根据建议的每日碘摄入量，我们评估受试者每日碘摄入量是否充足.
结果：CIDA的CR和尿碘浓度中位数（UIC）分别为4.02％和98.03μg/L，IIDA中的89.74%和144.93μg/L，IAA中的26.55%和178.60μg/L，IEA中的8.78%和446.5μg/L，在IEHA中3.95%和605.4μg/L，分别。这五个区域之间的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.0001）。每日膳食碘摄入量主要来自IAA中的饮用水(63.92%)，IEA（92.29%），和IEHA（92.93%），主要来自IIDA的碘盐(59.22%)和CIDA的食物(86.6%)。
结论：IAA和IIDA中的妇女处于充足的碘状态。IEA和IEHA中的女性处于碘过量状态，有必要开展水利改善项目。CIDA中的女性处于轻微的碘缺乏状态，应加强科学强化碘的健康教育，增加碘摄入量。
方法：从碘超高地区（IEHA）招募了1948名18-60岁的女性，碘过剩地区（IEA），碘充足区（IAA），内陆缺碘地区(IIDA)，和沿海缺碘地区(加开发署)。通过食物频率问卷收集有关日常饮食的信息。饮用水,盐,食物,和尿液样本在我们的实验室收集和测试。根据建议的每日碘摄入量，我们评估受试者每日碘摄入量是否充足.
结果：CIDA的CR和尿碘浓度中位数（UIC）分别为4.02％和98.03μg/L，IIDA中的89.74%和144.93μg/L，IAA中的26.55%和178.60μg/L，IEA中的8.78%和446.5μg/L，在IEHA中3.95%和605.4μg/L，分别。这五个区域之间的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.0001）。每日膳食碘摄入量主要来自IAA中的饮用水(63.92%)，IEA（92.29%），和IEHA（92.93%），主要来自IIDA的碘盐(59.22%)和CIDA的食物(86.6%)。
结论：IAA和IIDA中的妇女处于充足的碘状态。IEA和IEHA中的女性处于碘过量状态，有必要开展水利改善项目。CIDA中的女性处于轻微的碘缺乏状态，应加强科学强化碘的健康教育，增加碘摄入量。
