PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Worldwide, approximately one in three people are myopic or short-sighted. Myopia in children is of particular concern as younger onset age implies a higher risk of progression, and consequently greater risk of developing vision-threatening complications. The importance of sleep in children\'s health has long been acknowledged, but evidence for its role in childhood myopia is fairly new and mixed results were presented across studies. To facilitate better understanding of this relationship, a broad literature search, up to and including October 31, 2022, was performed using three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus). Seventeen studies were included in the review, covering four main aspects of sleep, namely duration, quality, timing, and efficiency, and their associations with myopia in children. The present literature review discussed these studies, revealed potential limitations in their methodologies, and identified gaps that need to be addressed in the future. The review also acknowledges that current evidence is insufficient, and the role of sleep in childhood myopia is far from being fully understood. Future studies that primarily, objectively, and accurately assess sleep and myopia, taking other characteristics of sleep beyond duration into consideration, with a more diverse sample in terms of age, ethnicity, and cultural/environmental background, and control for confounders such as light exposure and education load are much needed. Although more research is required, myopia management should be a holistic approach and the inclusion of sleep hygiene in myopia education targeting children and parents ought to be encouraged.
摘要：
全球,大约三分之一的人是近视或近视。儿童近视尤其令人担忧，因为发病年龄较小意味着进展风险较高。因此，发生威胁视力的并发症的风险更大。睡眠对儿童健康的重要性早已得到承认，但是关于其在儿童近视中的作用的证据相当新，并且在所有研究中都有不同的结果。为了更好地理解这种关系，广泛的文献搜索，直到并包括2022年10月31日，使用三个数据库(PubMed，Embase,和Scopus）。17项研究被纳入审查，涵盖了睡眠的四个主要方面，即持续时间，质量,定时,和效率，以及它们与儿童近视的关系。目前的文献综述讨论了这些研究，揭示了他们方法的潜在局限性，并确定了今后需要解决的差距。审查还承认目前的证据不足，睡眠在儿童近视中的作用还远未被完全理解。未来的研究主要是，客观准确地评估睡眠和近视，考虑到睡眠持续时间以外的其他特征，在年龄方面有更多样化的样本，种族,和文化/环境背景，并且非常需要控制诸如光照和教育负荷之类的混杂因素。虽然需要更多的研究，近视管理应该是一种整体方法，应该鼓励在针对儿童和父母的近视教育中纳入睡眠卫生。
