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Abstract：
The synthesis of cationic polyacrylamides (CPAMs) with the desired cationic degree and molecular weight is essential for various industries, including wastewater treatment, mining, paper, cosmetic chemistry, and others. Previous studies have already demonstrated methods to optimize synthesis conditions to obtain high-molecular-weight CPAM emulsions and the effects of cationic degrees on flocculation processes. However, the optimization of input parameters to obtain CPAMs with the desired cationic degrees has not been discussed. Traditional optimization methods are time-consuming and costly when it comes to on-site CPAM production because the input parameters of CPAM synthesis are optimized using single-factor experiments. In this study, we utilized the response surface methodology to optimize the synthesis conditions, specifically the monomer concentration, the content of the cationic monomer, and the content of the initiator, to obtain CPAMs with the desired cationic degrees. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of traditional optimization methods. We successfully synthesized three CPAM emulsions with a wide range of cationic degrees: low (21.85%), medium (40.25%), and high (71.17%) levels of cationic degree. The optimized conditions for these CPAMs were as follows: monomer concentration of 25%, content of monomer cation of 22.5%, 44.41%, and 77.61%, respectively, and initiator content of 0.475%, 0.48%, and 0.59%, respectively. The developed models can be utilized to quickly optimize conditions for synthesizing CPAM emulsions with different cationic degrees to meet the demands of wastewater treatment applications. The synthesized CPAM products performed effectively in wastewater treatment, with the treated wastewater meeting the technical regulation parameters. 1H-NMR, FTIR, SEM, BET, dynamic light scattering, and gel permeation chromatography were employed to confirm the structure and surface of the polymers.
摘要：
具有所需阳离子度和分子量的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAMs）的合成对于各种行业至关重要，包括废水处理，采矿,paper,化妆品化学,和其他人。先前的研究已经证明了优化合成条件以获得高分子量CPAM乳液的方法以及阳离子度对絮凝过程的影响。然而,尚未讨论优化输入参数以获得具有所需阳离子度的CPAMs。传统的优化方法在现场生产CPAM时耗时且成本高，因为CPAM合成的输入参数是使用单因素实验进行优化的。在这项研究中,我们利用响应面法来优化合成条件，特别是单体浓度，阳离子单体的含量，以及发起人的内容，以获得具有所需阳离子度的CPAM。这种方法克服了传统优化方法的缺点。我们成功合成了三种阳离子度范围广泛的CPAM乳液：低（21.85％），中等（40.25%），和高(71.17%)水平的阳离子度。这些CPAM的优化条件如下:单体浓度为25%,单体阳离子含量为22.5%，44.41%,和77.61%，分别,引发剂含量为0.475％，0.48%，和0.59%，分别。所开发的模型可用于快速优化合成具有不同阳离子度的CPAM乳液的条件，以满足废水处理应用的需求。合成的CPAM产品在废水处理中有效地进行，处理后的废水符合技术调节参数。1H-NMR,FTIR,SEM,BET,动态光散射,和凝胶渗透色谱用于确认聚合物的结构和表面。
