PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a novel mandatory constituent of breast-milk-substitute infant formula in Europe. The aim of the present narrative review was to summarize available data in connection with the background of the novel European mandatory dietary recommendation to add at least 20 mg/100 kcal (4.8 mg/100 kJ) DHA to infant formula. The literature search with the expression \"docosahexaenoic acid with (infant or human milk or formula)\" revealed nearly 2000 papers, including more than 400 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DHA is a persistent constituent of human milk (HM) with a worldwide mean level of 0.37% (standard deviation: 0.11%) of all fatty acids in HM. RCTs on supplementing DHA to lactating women showed some indications, though no direct evidence of the beneficial effect of enhanced HM DHA on the development of breastfed infants. The most-recent Cochrane review of RCTs investigating the effect of DHA supplementation to infant formula for full-term infants reported no evidence for recommending supplementation. The controversy between the Cochrane view and the actual recommendation may be related to the numerous hurdles in organizing high-quality studies in this field. On the basis of the official food composition recommendation, today in Europe, DHA should be considered as a fatty acid essential for infants.
摘要：
二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是欧洲母乳替代婴儿配方食品的新型强制性成分。本叙述性综述的目的是总结与新的欧洲强制性饮食建议背景相关的可用数据，该建议旨在向婴儿配方奶粉中添加至少20mg/100kcal（4.8mg/100kJ）DHA。以“二十二碳六烯酸与（婴儿或人乳或配方）”表达的文献检索显示了近2000篇论文，包括400多项随机对照试验（RCT）。DHA是人乳(HM)的持久性成分,HM中所有脂肪酸的全球平均水平为0.37%(标准偏差:0.11%)。向哺乳期妇女补充DHA的RCT显示了一些适应症，尽管没有直接证据表明增强的HMDHA对母乳喂养婴儿发育的有益作用。Cochrane对RCT的最新审查调查了DHA补充剂对足月儿婴儿配方食品的影响，报告没有推荐补充剂的证据。Cochrane观点与实际建议之间的争议可能与组织该领域高质量研究的众多障碍有关。根据官方的食物成分建议，今天在欧洲,DHA应该被认为是婴儿必需的脂肪酸。
