PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Malignant hyperthermia is a rare but life-threatening pharmacogenetic disorder triggered by exposure to specific anesthetic agents. Although this occurrence could affect virtually any patient during the perioperative time, the pediatric population is particularly vulnerable, and it has a five-fold higher incidence in children compared to adults. In the last few decades, synergistic efforts among leading anesthesiology, pediatrics, and neurology associations have produced new evidence concerning the diagnostic pathway, avoiding unnecessary testing and limiting false diagnoses. However, a personalized approach and an effective prevention policy focused on clearly recognizing the high-risk population, defining perioperative trigger-free hospitalization, and rapid activation of supportive therapy should be improved. Based on epidemiological data, many national scientific societies have produced consistent guidelines, but many misconceptions are common among physicians and healthcare workers. This review shall consider all these aspects and summarize the most recent updates.
摘要：
恶性高热是一种罕见但危及生命的药物遗传学障碍，由暴露于特定的麻醉剂引发。尽管这种情况在围手术期几乎可以影响任何患者，儿科人群特别脆弱，与成人相比，儿童发病率高五倍。在过去的几十年里，领先的麻醉学之间的协同努力，儿科,和神经病学协会产生了关于诊断途径的新证据，避免不必要的测试和限制错误的诊断。然而,个性化的方法和有效的预防政策，重点是明确识别高风险人群，定义围手术期无触发住院，和支持疗法的快速激活应得到改善。根据流行病学数据，许多国家科学学会制定了一致的指导方针，但是许多误解在医生和医护人员中很常见。本审查应考虑所有这些方面，并总结最近的更新。
