PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Chronic breathlessness is a multidimensional, unpleasant symptom common to many health conditions. The Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM) was developed to help understand how individuals make sense of their illness. This model has been underused in the study of breathlessness, especially in considering how information sources are integrated within an individual\'s cognitive and emotional representations of breathlessness. This descriptive qualitative study explored breathlessness beliefs, expectations, and language preferences of people experiencing chronic breathlessness using the CSM. Twenty-one community-dwelling individuals living with varying levels of breathlessness-related impairment were purposively recruited. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with questions reflecting components of the CSM. Interview transcripts were synthesized using deductive and inductive content analysis. Nineteen analytical categories emerged describing a range of cognitive and emotional breathlessness representations. Representations were developed through participants\' personal experience and information from external sources including health professionals and the internet. Specific words and phrases about breathlessness with helpful or nonhelpful connotations were identified as contributors to breathlessness representations. The CSM aligns with current multidimensional models of breathlessness and provides health professionals with a robust theoretical framework for exploring breathlessness beliefs and expectations.
摘要：
慢性呼吸困难是一个多维的，许多健康状况常见的不愉快症状。开发了自我调节的常识模型（CSM），以帮助理解个人如何理解自己的疾病。这个模型在呼吸困难的研究中应用不足,特别是在考虑信息来源如何被整合到一个人的认知和情感表征的呼吸困难。这项描述性的定性研究探索了呼吸困难的信念，期望,以及使用CSM经历慢性呼吸困难的人的语言偏好。有目的地招募了21名居住在社区中的人，这些人患有不同程度的呼吸困难相关障碍。对反映CSM组成部分的问题进行了半结构化访谈。使用演绎和归纳内容分析合成了访谈笔录。出现了19个分析类别，描述了一系列认知和情感上的呼吸困难表示。代表是通过参与者的个人经验和外部来源（包括卫生专业人员和互联网）的信息开发的。有关呼吸困难的特定单词和短语以及有用或无用的含义被确定为呼吸困难表示的贡献者。CSM与当前的呼吸困难多维模型保持一致，并为卫生专业人员提供了一个强大的理论框架，用于探索呼吸困难的信念和期望。
