PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A lineage of 422,374 English people (1600 to 2022) contains correlations in social outcomes among relatives as distant as 4th cousins. These correlations show striking patterns. The first is the strong persistence of social status across family trees. Correlations decline by a factor of only 0.79 across each generation. Even fourth cousins, with a common ancestor only five generations earlier, show significant status correlations. The second remarkable feature is that the decline in correlation with genetic distance in the lineage is unchanged from 1600 to 2022. Vast social changes in England between 1600 and 2022 would have been expected to increase social mobility. Yet people in 2022 remain correlated in outcomes with their lineage relatives in exactly the same way as in preindustrial England. The third surprising feature is that the correlations parallel those of a simple model of additive genetic determination of status, with a genetic correlation in marriage of 0.57.
摘要：
42,374名英国人（1600至2022年）的血统包含与第四表亲相距甚远的亲戚之间的社会结果相关性。这些相关性显示出惊人的模式。首先是跨家谱的社会地位的强烈持久性。每个世代的相关性仅下降0.79倍。即使是第四个表亲，只有五代前的共同祖先，显示出显著的状态相关性。第二个显著特点是，从1600年到2022年，谱系中与遗传距离的相关性下降没有变化。预计1600年至2022年之间英格兰的巨大社会变革将增加社会流动性。然而，2022年的人们与他们的血统亲属在结果上仍然保持着与工业化前英格兰完全相同的关联。第三个令人惊讶的特征是，相关性与加性遗传决定状态的简单模型的相关性相似，婚姻的遗传相关性为0.57。
