Abstract：
Objectives: The neighborhood environment may be an important determinant of racial/ethnic disparities in cognitive function. To understand how neighborhoods are linked to cognition across racial/ethnic groups, this scoping review organizes research investigating relationships between multiple neighborhood domains and cognitive function in diverse samples of US midlife and older adults. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CAHL were used to extract quantitative disparities-focused studies (n = 17) that included US adults ages 50+, racial/ethnic minoritized populations, cognitive dependent variable(s), and neighborhood-level independent variable(s) published from January 2010 to October 2021. Results: Studies demonstrate variation within and between racial/ethnic groups in how neighborhood factors are associated with cognition. Economically and socially advantaged neighborhoods were associated with better cognition. Findings were mixed for built and neighborhood composition measures. Discussion: More research with greater racial/ethnic representation is needed to disentangle which aspects of the neighborhood are most salient for specific cognitive function domains across diverse populations.
摘要：
目标：邻里环境可能是认知功能中种族/民族差异的重要决定因素。要了解社区如何与跨种族/族裔群体的认知联系在一起，本范围综述组织了调查美国中年人和老年人不同样本中多个邻域与认知功能之间关系的研究.方法:PubMed/MEDLINE,WebofScience,和CAHL用于提取定量差异为重点的研究（n=17），包括美国50岁以上的成年人，种族/族裔人口化，认知因变量，以及2010年1月至2021年10月发布的邻域级自变量。结果：研究表明，种族/族裔群体内部和之间在邻里因素如何与认知相关方面存在差异。经济和社会优势社区与更好的认知相关。建筑和邻里构成措施的调查结果好坏参半。讨论：需要进行更多的种族/族裔代表性研究，以理清社区的哪些方面对于不同人群的特定认知功能领域最为突出。
