PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Linseed or flaxseed is a well-recognized nutritional food with nutraceutical properties owing to high omega-3 fatty acid (α-Linolenic acid), dietary fiber, quality protein, and lignan content. Currently, linseed enjoys the status of a \'superfood\' and its integration in the food chain as a functional food is evolving continuously as seed constituents are associated with lowering the risk of chronic ailments, such as heart diseases, cancer, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. This crop also receives much attention in the handloom and textile sectors as the world\'s coolest fabric linen is made up of its stem fibers which are endowed with unique qualities such as luster, tensile strength, density, bio-degradability, and non-hazardous nature. Worldwide, major linseed growing areas are facing erratic rainfall and temperature patterns affecting flax yield, quality, and response to biotic stresses. Amid such changing climatic regimes and associated future threats, diverse linseed genetic resources would be crucial for developing cultivars with a broad genetic base for sustainable production. Furthermore, linseed is grown across the world in varied agro-climatic conditions; therefore it is vital to develop niche-specific cultivars to cater to diverse needs and keep pace with rising demands globally. Linseed genetic diversity conserved in global genebanks in the form of germplasm collection from natural diversity rich areas is expected to harbor genetic variants and thus form crucial resources for breeding tailored crops to specific culinary and industrial uses. Global genebank collections thus potentially play an important role in supporting sustainable agriculture and food security. Currently, approximately 61,000 germplasm accessions of linseed including 1,127 wild accessions are conserved in genebanks/institutes worldwide. This review analyzes the current status of Linum genetic resources in global genebanks, evaluation for agro-morphological traits, stress tolerance, and nutritional profiling to promote their effective use for sustainable production and nutrition enhancement in our modern diets.
摘要：
亚麻子或亚麻籽是一种公认的营养食品，具有高omega-3脂肪酸（α-亚麻酸），膳食纤维，优质蛋白质，和木酚素含量。目前,亚麻籽享有“超级食品”的地位，其作为功能性食品在食物链中的整合不断发展，因为种子成分与降低慢性疾病的风险有关，比如心脏病,癌症,糖尿病,和类风湿性关节炎。这种作物也受到了手织机和纺织领域的关注，因为世界上最酷的织物亚麻是由其茎纤维组成的，具有独特的品质，如光泽，抗拉强度,密度,生物降解性，和非危险性质。全球,主要亚麻籽种植区面临着影响亚麻产量的不稳定降雨和温度模式，质量,和对生物压力的反应。在这种不断变化的气候制度和相关的未来威胁中，不同的亚麻籽遗传资源对于开发具有广泛遗传基础的可持续生产品种至关重要。此外，亚麻籽在不同的农业气候条件下生长在世界各地；因此，开发特定于生态位的品种以满足不同的需求并跟上全球不断增长的需求至关重要。在全球基因库中以从自然多样性丰富的地区收集种质的形式保存的亚麻子遗传多样性预计将具有遗传变异，从而形成针对特定烹饪和工业用途的定制作物育种的关键资源。因此，全球基因库收藏可能在支持可持续农业和粮食安全方面发挥重要作用。目前,在全世界的基因库/研究所中保存了大约61,000种亚麻籽种质，包括1,127种野生种质。这篇综述分析了全球基因库中Linum遗传资源的现状，农业形态性状评价，应力耐受性，和营养分析，以促进其在现代饮食中的可持续生产和营养增强的有效使用。
