PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The influence of diet on immune function and resistance to enteric infection and disease is becoming ever more established. Highly processed, refined diets can lead to inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis, whilst health-promoting dietary components such as phytonutrients and fermentable fibres are thought to promote a healthy microbiome and balanced mucosal immunity. Chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a leafy green vegetable rich in fibres and bioactive compounds that may promote gut health.
Unexpectedly, we here show that incorporation of chicory into semisynthetic AIN93G diets renders mice susceptible to infection with enteric helminths. Mice fed a high level of chicory leaves (10% dry matter) had a more diverse gut microbiota, but a diminished type-2 immune response to infection with the intestinal roundworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Furthermore, the chicory-supplemented diet significantly increased burdens of the caecum-dwelling whipworm Trichuris muris, concomitant with a highly skewed type-1 immune environment in caecal tissue. The chicory-supplemented diet was rich in non-starch polysaccharides, particularly uronic acids (the monomeric constituents of pectin). In accordance, mice fed pectin-supplemented AIN93G diets had higher T. muris burdens and reduced IgE production and expression of genes involved in type-2 immunity. Importantly, treatment of pectin-fed mice with exogenous IL-25 restored type-2 responses and was sufficient to allow T. muris expulsion.
Collectively, our data suggest that increasing levels of fermentable, non-starch polysaccharides in refined diets compromises immunity to helminth infection in mice. This diet-infection interaction may inform new strategies for manipulating the gut environment to promote resistance to enteric parasites.
Unexpectedly, we here show that incorporation of chicory into semisynthetic AIN93G diets renders mice susceptible to infection with enteric helminths. Mice fed a high level of chicory leaves (10% dry matter) had a more diverse gut microbiota, but a diminished type-2 immune response to infection with the intestinal roundworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Furthermore, the chicory-supplemented diet significantly increased burdens of the caecum-dwelling whipworm Trichuris muris, concomitant with a highly skewed type-1 immune environment in caecal tissue. The chicory-supplemented diet was rich in non-starch polysaccharides, particularly uronic acids (the monomeric constituents of pectin). In accordance, mice fed pectin-supplemented AIN93G diets had higher T. muris burdens and reduced IgE production and expression of genes involved in type-2 immunity. Importantly, treatment of pectin-fed mice with exogenous IL-25 restored type-2 responses and was sufficient to allow T. muris expulsion.
Collectively, our data suggest that increasing levels of fermentable, non-starch polysaccharides in refined diets compromises immunity to helminth infection in mice. This diet-infection interaction may inform new strategies for manipulating the gut environment to promote resistance to enteric parasites.
摘要：
背景：饮食对免疫功能的影响以及对肠道感染和疾病的抵抗力越来越确定。高度加工,精制饮食会导致炎症和肠道微生物群失调，而促进健康的饮食成分，如植物营养素和可发酵纤维被认为可以促进健康的微生物组和平衡的粘膜免疫。菊苣（Cichoriumintybus）是一种绿叶蔬菜，富含纤维和生物活性化合物，可以促进肠道健康。
结果：出乎意料的是，我们在这里表明，菊苣在半合成AIN93G饮食中的掺入使小鼠容易感染肠蠕虫。喂食高水平菊苣叶（10％干物质）的小鼠具有更多样化的肠道微生物群，但是对肠round虫的感染的2型免疫反应减弱。此外，菊苣补充的饮食显着增加了盲肠栖息的鞭虫的负担，伴随着盲肠组织中高度偏斜的1型免疫环境。菊苣补充的饮食富含非淀粉多糖，特别是糖醛酸（果胶的单体成分）。InAccording,饲喂添加果胶的AIN93G饮食的小鼠具有较高的T.muris负担，并降低了IgE的产生和参与2型免疫的基因表达。重要的是,用外源性IL-25治疗果胶喂养的小鼠恢复了2型反应，并且足以使T.muris排出。
结论：总的来说，我们的数据表明，可发酵水平的增加，精制饮食中的非淀粉多糖会损害小鼠对蠕虫感染的免疫力。这种饮食与感染的相互作用可能为操纵肠道环境以促进对肠道寄生虫的抵抗力提供新的策略。
结果：出乎意料的是，我们在这里表明，菊苣在半合成AIN93G饮食中的掺入使小鼠容易感染肠蠕虫。喂食高水平菊苣叶（10％干物质）的小鼠具有更多样化的肠道微生物群，但是对肠round虫的感染的2型免疫反应减弱。此外，菊苣补充的饮食显着增加了盲肠栖息的鞭虫的负担，伴随着盲肠组织中高度偏斜的1型免疫环境。菊苣补充的饮食富含非淀粉多糖，特别是糖醛酸（果胶的单体成分）。InAccording,饲喂添加果胶的AIN93G饮食的小鼠具有较高的T.muris负担，并降低了IgE的产生和参与2型免疫的基因表达。重要的是,用外源性IL-25治疗果胶喂养的小鼠恢复了2型反应，并且足以使T.muris排出。
结论：总的来说，我们的数据表明，可发酵水平的增加，精制饮食中的非淀粉多糖会损害小鼠对蠕虫感染的免疫力。这种饮食与感染的相互作用可能为操纵肠道环境以促进对肠道寄生虫的抵抗力提供新的策略。
