Abstract：
The gut microbiota is indispensable for maintaining host health by enhancing the host\'s digestive capacity, safeguarding the intestinal epithelial barrier, and preventing pathogen invasion. Additionally, the gut microbiota exhibits a bidirectional interaction with the host immune system and promotes the immune system of the host to mature. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, primarily caused by factors such as host genetic susceptibility, age, BMI, diet, and drug abuse, is a significant contributor to inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases resulting from gut microbiota dysbiosis lack systematic categorization. In this study, we summarize the normal physiological functions of symbiotic microbiota in a healthy state and demonstrate that when dysbiosis occurs due to various external factors, the normal physiological functions of the gut microbiota are lost, leading to pathological damage to the intestinal lining, metabolic disorders, and intestinal barrier damage. This, in turn, triggers immune system disorders and eventually causes inflammatory diseases in various systems. These discoveries provide fresh perspectives on how to diagnose and treat inflammatory diseases. However, the unrecognized variables that might affect the link between inflammatory illnesses and gut microbiota, need further studies and extensive basic and clinical research will still be required to investigate this relationship in the future.
摘要：
肠道微生物群对于通过增强宿主的消化能力来维持宿主健康是不可或缺的，保护肠上皮屏障，防止病原体入侵。此外,肠道微生物群表现出与宿主免疫系统的双向相互作用，并促进宿主的免疫系统成熟。肠道微生物群的菌群失调，主要由宿主遗传易感性等因素引起，年龄,BMI,饮食，和药物滥用，是炎症性疾病的重要因素。然而,肠道微生物菌群失调引起的炎症性疾病的潜在机制缺乏系统的分类。在这项研究中,我们总结了共生微生物在健康状态下的正常生理功能，并证明了当由于各种外部因素而发生生态失调时，肠道微生物群的正常生理功能丧失，导致肠壁的病理性损伤，代谢紊乱，和肠道屏障损伤。这个,反过来,引发免疫系统疾病，并最终导致各种系统的炎症性疾病。这些发现为如何诊断和治疗炎性疾病提供了新的视角。然而,可能影响炎症性疾病和肠道微生物群之间联系的未识别变量，需要进一步研究，未来仍需要广泛的基础和临床研究来研究这种关系。
