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Abstract：
Background Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) is a pathological description of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). It is characterized by renal failure and is associated with a grave prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with crescentic glomerulonephritis at the King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Method This retrospective study included patients with CrGN who underwent treatment at the nephrology department at KAUH from June 2021 to August 2022. We collected and analyzed data from 56 patients diagnosed with CrGN on the basis of renal biopsies between 2002 and 2015. Result The study included 17 cases of CrGN. The mean age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 18.06 ± 13.49 years. The distribution of histological findings showed that cellular crescents (94.1%) and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) (76.5%) were the most commonly observed histological findings. The most common underlying etiology was lupus nephritis (41.2%). Regarding the lab results, the mean serum creatinine level at admission was 378.88 ± 273.27 μmol/L, proteinuria was 1.53 ± 1.23 and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) level was 36.94 ± 45.08 mL/min. The factors associated with poor renal outcome were IFTA (P=0.01), phosphate level before discharge, serum creatinine level before and after discharge (P=0.032), and GFR level after discharge (P=0.001). Conclusion Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an important cause of acute kidney injury due to its potential to result in severe glomerular injury. In our study, 12 out of 17 patients experienced poor renal outcomes, which were associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early detection and treatment of CrGN is crucial in order to manage the disease.
摘要：
背景新月体肾小球肾炎(CrGN)是快速进展性肾小球肾炎(RPGN)的病理描述。它的特征是肾功能衰竭，并与严重的预后有关。本研究旨在调查吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）诊断为新月体肾小球肾炎的患者的临床结果，沙特阿拉伯。方法这项回顾性研究包括2021年6月至2022年8月在KAUH肾脏科接受治疗的CrGN患者。我们收集并分析了2002年至2015年间根据肾活检诊断为CrGN的56例患者的数据。结果本研究共纳入CrGN患者17例。诊断时患者的平均年龄为18.06±13.49岁。组织学发现的分布表明，细胞新月体（94.1％）和间质纤维化和肾小管萎缩（IFTA）（76.5％）是最常见的组织学发现。最常见的潜在病因是狼疮性肾炎（41.2%）。关于实验室的结果,入院时平均血肌酐为378.88±273.27μmol/L,蛋白尿为1.53±1.23,肾小球滤过率(GFR)为36.94±45.08mL/min。与肾脏预后不良相关的因素是IFTA（P=0.01），放电前的磷酸盐水平，出院前后血清肌酐水平(P=0.032),出院后GFR水平(P=0.001)。结论新月体肾炎是急性肾损伤的重要原因，可能导致严重的肾小球损伤。在我们的研究中,17例患者中有12例肾脏结局不佳，这与发病率和死亡率的高风险有关。因此,早期发现和治疗CrGN对于控制疾病至关重要。
