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Abstract：
Context Tuberculosis (TB) is India\'s major public health problem. The profile of childhood TB in the northeast region of India is still limited. Aim To analyze the clinical, radiological, and bacteriological profiles of children with TB at a tertiary health care facility. Materials and methods A three years retrospective descriptive analysis of children admitted to a tertiary centre with TB before the introduction of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) for testing. Children below 18 years who were admitted from 2012 to 2014 and were diagnosed with TB were included. Relevant data were extracted in a predesigned format and entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet. Descriptive statistic was used for analysis. The results of variables are given in proportions and means and a Chi-square test was done for the test of significance using Epi-info tools. The study was done after getting ethical approval from the institute. Results A total of 150 children were included in the analysis with a Male: Female ratio of 1.1:1. A majority of the cases were under five years (n=46) and 11 to 15 years old (n=45) with a mean age of 9.3 ± 4.4 years. Fever was a common presentation (70%). Disseminated TB was seen in 31.3%, isolated central nervous system (CNS) TB was found in 30.6%, and all CNS TB with dissemination was found in 46 cases (40.7%) making extra-pulmonary TB a common finding in our study (83.3%). Isolated pulmonary TB was seen in 16.7% and total pulmonary cases along with dissemination was seen in 60 cases (40%). A bacteriological diagnosis was made in 23%. Overall mortality was 9.3%, out of which mortality in CNS TB was 13% with a p-value of 0.004 as compared to mortality other than CNS TB which was significant and mortality in under-five years was significant with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusions Pulmonary and extra-pulmonary were both causes of admission in the pediatric age group. We found that extra-pulmonary TB was the most common cause of admission in children, with CNS manifestation and disseminated TB, being the most common presentations and significant mortality was seen in under-five years and in children diagnosed with CNS TB.
摘要：
背景结核病（TB）是印度的主要公共卫生问题。印度东北地区儿童结核病的概况仍然有限。目的分析临床,放射学,和三级卫生保健设施中结核病儿童的细菌学特征。材料和方法在引入基于盒的核酸扩增测试（CBNAAT）进行测试之前，对进入三级结核病中心的儿童进行了三年的回顾性描述性分析。包括2012年至2014年入院并被诊断患有结核病的18岁以下儿童。以预先设计的格式提取相关数据并输入到MicrosoftExcel表中。描述性统计用于分析。变量的结果以比例和平均值给出，并使用Epi-info工具进行卡方检验以进行显著性检验。这项研究是在获得研究所的伦理批准后完成的。结果共有150名儿童被纳入分析，男女比例为1.1:1。大多数病例年龄在5岁以下（n=46）和11至15岁（n=45），平均年龄为9.3±4.4岁。发烧是常见的表现（70％）。播散性结核病占31.3%，孤立的中枢神经系统（CNS）结核病被发现在30.6％，在46例(40.7%)中发现了所有有播散的中枢神经系统结核,这使得肺外结核成为我们研究中的一个常见发现(83.3%).孤立性肺结核的发生率为16.7％，总肺部病例和播散的发生率为60例（40％）。23％的人进行了细菌学诊断。总死亡率为9.3%，其中CNSTB的死亡率为13％，p值为0.004，而非CNSTB的死亡率显着，5岁以下的死亡率显着，p值为0.001。结论肺和肺外是小儿年龄组的入院原因。我们发现肺外结核病是儿童入院的最常见原因，中枢神经系统表现和播散性结核病，最常见的表现和显著的死亡率见于5岁以下儿童和被诊断为中枢神经系统结核的儿童.
