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Abstract：
Among perinatal stem cells of the umbilical cord, human Wharton\'s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) are of great interest for cell-based therapy approaches in regenerative medicine, showing some advantages over other MSCs. In fact, hWJ-MSCs, placed between embryonic and adult MSCs, are not tumorigenic and are harvested with few ethical concerns. Furthermore, these cells can be easily cultured in vitro, maintaining both stem properties and a high proliferative rate for several passages, as well as trilineage capacity of differentiation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that cytoskeletal organization influences stem cell biology. Among molecules able to modulate its dynamics, Cytochalasin B (CB), a cyto-permeable mycotoxin, influences actin microfilament polymerization, thus affecting several cell properties, such as the ability of MSCs to differentiate towards a specific commitment. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of a 24 h-treatment with CB at different concentrations (0.1-3 μM) on hWJ-MSCs. CB influenced the cytoskeletal organization in a dose-dependent manner, inducing changes in cell number, proliferation, shape, and nanomechanical properties, thus promoting the osteogenic commitment of hWJ-MSCs, as confirmed by the expression analysis of osteogenic/autophagy markers.
摘要：
在脐带的围产期干细胞中，人类Wharton的果冻间充质干细胞（hWJ-MSCs）对再生医学中基于细胞的治疗方法非常感兴趣，与其他MSC相比显示出一些优势。事实上,hWJ-MSCs,放置在胚胎和成年MSCs之间，没有致瘤性，收获时几乎没有伦理问题。此外，这些细胞可以很容易地在体外培养，同时保持茎的特性和高增殖率，以及三系分化能力。最近,已经证明细胞骨架组织影响干细胞生物学。在能够调节其动力学的分子中，细胞松弛素B(CB),一种能渗透细胞的霉菌毒素,影响肌动蛋白微丝聚合，从而影响几种细胞特性，例如MSCs向特定承诺分化的能力。这里,我们首次研究了用不同浓度（0.1-3μM）的CB处理24h对hWJ-MSCs的影响。CB以剂量依赖性方式影响细胞骨架组织，诱导细胞数量的变化，扩散,形状,和纳米机械性能，从而促进hWJ-MSCs的成骨承诺，如通过成骨/自噬标志物的表达分析所证实的。
