PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Dogs\' axillary lymph node (ALN) is often difficult to locate before surgical resection. The anatomical location of ALN often discourages Veterinarians from surgical lymphadenectomy. Considering the limited literature available, the actual incidence of metastases and the prognostic relevance are poorly understood.
UNASSIGNED: A non-randomized, prospective clinical study was conducted with female dogs (n = 41) with mammary gland tumor (MGT) in the thoracic or cranial abdominal mammary glands. The study investigated the risks of ALN metastasis based on tumors clinical findings, tumor size, histopathological diagnosis and grade. The main aim of this study was to compare ALN resection with or without patent blue 2.5% (PB) dye injection for sentinel lymph node visualization. A total of 46 mastectomies were performed and five animals underwent two mastectomies. In the first group, 17 patients underwent a mastectomy and lymphadenectomy without PB injection (G1). In contrast, in the second group, 24 patients also received PB injections for sentinel lymph node mapping (G2). The ALN was identified in 38/46 cases (82%). The ALN was identified and excised in only 58% of surgeries in G1(19/46), while in group 2, the lymph node was identified in 92% of the cases and resected in 100% of the cases. The use of PB improves ALN\'s identification and reduces the surgical resection time in dogs with MGT.
UNASSIGNED: Surgical time differed between the two groups, as it was significantly shorter in the PB injection group compared to group 1 (80 vs. 45 min) (p < 0.0001). The overall frequency of ALN metastasis was 32%. Macroscopic abnormalities in the lymph nodes, tumor size (>3 cm), and diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma or grade II/III mammary gland tumors were associated with a higher probability of ALN metastasis. Metastases in the ALNs are more common, in dogs presenting with tumors larger than 3 cm and diagnosed with aggressive histological subtypes. The ALNs should be removed for correct staging, prognostic evaluation, and decision for adjuvant therapy.
UNASSIGNED: A non-randomized, prospective clinical study was conducted with female dogs (n = 41) with mammary gland tumor (MGT) in the thoracic or cranial abdominal mammary glands. The study investigated the risks of ALN metastasis based on tumors clinical findings, tumor size, histopathological diagnosis and grade. The main aim of this study was to compare ALN resection with or without patent blue 2.5% (PB) dye injection for sentinel lymph node visualization. A total of 46 mastectomies were performed and five animals underwent two mastectomies. In the first group, 17 patients underwent a mastectomy and lymphadenectomy without PB injection (G1). In contrast, in the second group, 24 patients also received PB injections for sentinel lymph node mapping (G2). The ALN was identified in 38/46 cases (82%). The ALN was identified and excised in only 58% of surgeries in G1(19/46), while in group 2, the lymph node was identified in 92% of the cases and resected in 100% of the cases. The use of PB improves ALN\'s identification and reduces the surgical resection time in dogs with MGT.
UNASSIGNED: Surgical time differed between the two groups, as it was significantly shorter in the PB injection group compared to group 1 (80 vs. 45 min) (p < 0.0001). The overall frequency of ALN metastasis was 32%. Macroscopic abnormalities in the lymph nodes, tumor size (>3 cm), and diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma or grade II/III mammary gland tumors were associated with a higher probability of ALN metastasis. Metastases in the ALNs are more common, in dogs presenting with tumors larger than 3 cm and diagnosed with aggressive histological subtypes. The ALNs should be removed for correct staging, prognostic evaluation, and decision for adjuvant therapy.
摘要：
■狗腋窝淋巴结（ALN）在手术切除前通常很难定位。ALN的解剖位置通常会阻止兽医进行手术淋巴结清扫术。考虑到现有文献有限，转移的实际发生率和预后相关性尚不清楚.
■非随机化，对女性犬（n=41）进行了前瞻性临床研究，该犬在胸或颅腹部乳腺中患有乳腺肿瘤（MGT）。该研究根据肿瘤的临床表现调查了ALN转移的风险，肿瘤大小,组织病理学诊断和分级。这项研究的主要目的是比较有或没有专利蓝2.5％（PB）染料注射的ALN切除前哨淋巴结可视化。总共进行了46例乳腺切除术，五只动物进行了两次乳腺切除术。在第一组中,17例患者在未注射PB的情况下接受了乳房切除术和淋巴结清扫术（G1）。相比之下,在第二组中，24名患者还接受PB注射用于前哨淋巴结定位(G2)。在38/46例（82%）中发现了ALN。仅在G1（19/46）的58％的手术中鉴定并切除了ALN，而在第2组中，在92％的病例中发现了淋巴结，在100％的病例中切除了淋巴结。使用PB改善了MGT犬ALN的识别并减少了手术切除时间。
■两组的手术时间不同，因为与第1组相比，PB注射组明显缩短(80vs.45分钟)(p<0.0001)。ALN转移的总体频率为32%。淋巴结宏观异常，肿瘤大小（>3厘米），诊断为间变性癌或II/III级乳腺肿瘤与较高的ALN转移概率相关。ALN中的转移更常见，在患有大于3厘米的肿瘤并被诊断为侵袭性组织学亚型的狗中。应删除ALN以进行正确的分期，预后评估，并决定辅助治疗。
■非随机化，对女性犬（n=41）进行了前瞻性临床研究，该犬在胸或颅腹部乳腺中患有乳腺肿瘤（MGT）。该研究根据肿瘤的临床表现调查了ALN转移的风险，肿瘤大小,组织病理学诊断和分级。这项研究的主要目的是比较有或没有专利蓝2.5％（PB）染料注射的ALN切除前哨淋巴结可视化。总共进行了46例乳腺切除术，五只动物进行了两次乳腺切除术。在第一组中,17例患者在未注射PB的情况下接受了乳房切除术和淋巴结清扫术（G1）。相比之下,在第二组中，24名患者还接受PB注射用于前哨淋巴结定位(G2)。在38/46例（82%）中发现了ALN。仅在G1（19/46）的58％的手术中鉴定并切除了ALN，而在第2组中，在92％的病例中发现了淋巴结，在100％的病例中切除了淋巴结。使用PB改善了MGT犬ALN的识别并减少了手术切除时间。
■两组的手术时间不同，因为与第1组相比，PB注射组明显缩短(80vs.45分钟)(p<0.0001)。ALN转移的总体频率为32%。淋巴结宏观异常，肿瘤大小（>3厘米），诊断为间变性癌或II/III级乳腺肿瘤与较高的ALN转移概率相关。ALN中的转移更常见，在患有大于3厘米的肿瘤并被诊断为侵袭性组织学亚型的狗中。应删除ALN以进行正确的分期，预后评估，并决定辅助治疗。
