PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: COVID-19 pandemic hit the entire world with severe health and economic consequences. Although the infection primarily affected the respiratory system, it was soon recognized that COVID-19 has a multi-systemic component with various manifestations including cutaneous involvement.
UNASSIGNED: The main objective of this study is to assess the incidence and patterns of cutaneous manifestations among moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization and whether there was a prognostic indication for cutaneous involvement and the outcome in terms of recovery or death.
UNASSIGNED: This is a cross-sectional observational study that included inpatients who were diagnosed with a moderate or severe COVID-19 infection. The demographic and clinical data of patients were assessed including age, sex, smoking, and comorbidities. All patients were examined clinically for the presence of skin manifestations. Patients were followed for the outcome of COVID-19 infection.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 821 patients (356 females and 465 males) aged 4-95 years were included. More than half of patients (54.6%) aged >60 years. A total of 678 patients (82.6%) had at least one comorbid condition, mostly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Sixty-two patients (7.55%) developed rashes; 5.24% cutaneous and 2.31% oral. The rashes were then grouped into five major types: group A, Exanthema: morbilliform, papulovesicular, varicella-like. Group B, Vascular: Chilblain-like lesions, purpuric/petechial, livedoid lesions. Group C, Reactive erythemas: Urticaria, Erythema multiforme. Group D, other skin rashes including flare-up of pre-existing disease, and O for oral involvement. Most patients (70%) developed rash after admission. The most frequent skin rashes were reactive erythema (23.3%), followed by vascular (20.9%), exanthema (16.3%), and other rashes with flare-ups of pre-existing diseases (39.5%). Smoking and loss of taste were associated with the appearance of various skin rashes. However, no prognostic implications were found between cutaneous manifestations and outcome.
UNASSIGNED: COVID-19 infection may present with various skin manifestations including worsening of pre-existing skin diseases.
UNASSIGNED: The main objective of this study is to assess the incidence and patterns of cutaneous manifestations among moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization and whether there was a prognostic indication for cutaneous involvement and the outcome in terms of recovery or death.
UNASSIGNED: This is a cross-sectional observational study that included inpatients who were diagnosed with a moderate or severe COVID-19 infection. The demographic and clinical data of patients were assessed including age, sex, smoking, and comorbidities. All patients were examined clinically for the presence of skin manifestations. Patients were followed for the outcome of COVID-19 infection.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 821 patients (356 females and 465 males) aged 4-95 years were included. More than half of patients (54.6%) aged >60 years. A total of 678 patients (82.6%) had at least one comorbid condition, mostly hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Sixty-two patients (7.55%) developed rashes; 5.24% cutaneous and 2.31% oral. The rashes were then grouped into five major types: group A, Exanthema: morbilliform, papulovesicular, varicella-like. Group B, Vascular: Chilblain-like lesions, purpuric/petechial, livedoid lesions. Group C, Reactive erythemas: Urticaria, Erythema multiforme. Group D, other skin rashes including flare-up of pre-existing disease, and O for oral involvement. Most patients (70%) developed rash after admission. The most frequent skin rashes were reactive erythema (23.3%), followed by vascular (20.9%), exanthema (16.3%), and other rashes with flare-ups of pre-existing diseases (39.5%). Smoking and loss of taste were associated with the appearance of various skin rashes. However, no prognostic implications were found between cutaneous manifestations and outcome.
UNASSIGNED: COVID-19 infection may present with various skin manifestations including worsening of pre-existing skin diseases.
摘要：
■COVID-19大流行袭击了整个世界，带来了严重的健康和经济后果。虽然感染主要影响呼吸系统，很快就认识到COVID-19具有多系统成分,表现包括皮肤受累.
本研究的主要目的是评估需要住院治疗的中重度COVID-19患者皮肤表现的发生率和模式，以及是否有皮肤受累的预后指征以及康复或死亡方面的结果。
■这是一项横断面观察性研究，包括被诊断为中度或重度COVID-19感染的住院患者。评估患者的人口统计学和临床数据，包括年龄，性别,吸烟,和合并症。临床检查所有患者是否存在皮肤表现。随访患者COVID-19感染的结果。
■共纳入821名患者（356名女性和465名男性），年龄在4-95岁之间。超过一半（54.6%）的患者年龄>60岁。共有678名患者（82.6％）至少有一种共病，主要是高血压和糖尿病。62例患者（7.55％）出现皮疹；5.24％的皮肤和2.31％的口腔。然后将皮疹分为五种主要类型：A组，exanthema:mortillimate,丘疹囊泡，像水痘一样.B组,血管：冻疮样病变，紫癜性/瘀点,livedoid病变。C组,反应性红斑：荨麻疹，多形性红斑.D组,其他皮疹，包括预先存在的疾病的发作，和O代表口头参与。大多数患者（70％）在入院后出现皮疹。最常见的皮疹是反应性红斑（23.3％），其次是血管(20.9%)，exanthema(16.3%),和其他先前存在疾病的皮疹(39.5%)。吸烟和味觉丧失与各种皮疹的出现有关。然而,在皮肤表现和结局之间没有发现预后意义.
■COVID-19感染可能表现为各种皮肤表现，包括先前存在的皮肤病恶化。
本研究的主要目的是评估需要住院治疗的中重度COVID-19患者皮肤表现的发生率和模式，以及是否有皮肤受累的预后指征以及康复或死亡方面的结果。
■这是一项横断面观察性研究，包括被诊断为中度或重度COVID-19感染的住院患者。评估患者的人口统计学和临床数据，包括年龄，性别,吸烟,和合并症。临床检查所有患者是否存在皮肤表现。随访患者COVID-19感染的结果。
■共纳入821名患者（356名女性和465名男性），年龄在4-95岁之间。超过一半（54.6%）的患者年龄>60岁。共有678名患者（82.6％）至少有一种共病，主要是高血压和糖尿病。62例患者（7.55％）出现皮疹；5.24％的皮肤和2.31％的口腔。然后将皮疹分为五种主要类型：A组，exanthema:mortillimate,丘疹囊泡，像水痘一样.B组,血管：冻疮样病变，紫癜性/瘀点,livedoid病变。C组,反应性红斑：荨麻疹，多形性红斑.D组,其他皮疹，包括预先存在的疾病的发作，和O代表口头参与。大多数患者（70％）在入院后出现皮疹。最常见的皮疹是反应性红斑（23.3％），其次是血管(20.9%)，exanthema(16.3%),和其他先前存在疾病的皮疹(39.5%)。吸烟和味觉丧失与各种皮疹的出现有关。然而,在皮肤表现和结局之间没有发现预后意义.
■COVID-19感染可能表现为各种皮肤表现，包括先前存在的皮肤病恶化。
