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Abstract：
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Escherichia coli has noticeably increased in recent years worldwide and causes serious public health concerns. As alternatives to antibiotics, bacteriophages are regarded as promising antimicrobial agents. In this study, we isolated and characterized a novel jumbo phage EJP2 that specifically targets AMR E. coli strains. EJP2 belonged to the Myoviridae family with an icosahedral head (120.9 ± 2.9 nm) and a non-contractile tail (111.1 ± 0.6 nm), and contained 349,185 bp double-stranded DNA genome with 540 putative ORFs, suggesting that EJP2 could be classified as jumbo phage. The functions of genes identified in EJP2 genome were mainly related to nucleotide metabolism, DNA replication, and recombination. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that EJP2 was categorized in the group of Rak2-related virus and presented low sequence similarity at the nucleotide and amino acid level compared to other E. coli jumbo phages. EJP2 had a broad host spectrum against AMR E. coli as well as pathogenic E. coli and recognized LPS as a receptor for infection. Moreover, EJP2 treatment could remove over 80% of AMR E. coli biofilms on 96-well polystyrene, and exhibit synergistic antimicrobial activity with cefotaxime against AMR E. coli. These results suggest that jumbo phage EJP2 could be used as a potential biocontrol agent to combat the AMR issue in food processing and clinical environments.
摘要：
近年来，全球范围内抗生素耐药性（AMR）大肠杆菌的出现显着增加，并引起严重的公共卫生问题。作为抗生素的替代品，噬菌体被认为是有前途的抗微生物剂。在这项研究中,我们分离并表征了一种新型的巨型噬菌体EJP2，该噬菌体特异性靶向AMR大肠杆菌菌株。EJP2属于Myoviridae家族，具有二十面体头（120.9±2.9nm）和无收缩尾巴（111.1±0.6nm），并包含349,185bp的双链DNA基因组和540个推定的ORF，这表明EJP2可以被归类为巨型噬菌体。EJP2基因组中鉴定的基因功能主要与核苷酸代谢有关,DNA复制,和重组。比较基因组分析显示EJP2被归类为Rak2相关病毒，与其他大肠杆菌巨型噬菌体相比，在核苷酸和氨基酸水平上具有较低的序列相似性。EJP2具有针对AMR大肠杆菌以及致病性大肠杆菌的宽宿主谱,并且识别LPS作为感染的受体。此外，EJP2处理可以去除96孔聚苯乙烯上超过80%的AMR大肠杆菌生物膜，并表现出与头孢噻肟对AMR大肠杆菌的协同抗菌活性。这些结果表明，巨型噬菌体EJP2可以用作潜在的生物防治剂，以对抗食品加工和临床环境中的AMR问题。
