Abstract：
The production and use of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) are increasing, and the resulting health and environmental problems are of concern. Therefore, the present study focused on the biodegradation of DBP in liquid fermentation using endophytic Penicillium species and evaluated the cytotoxic, ecotoxic, and phytotoxic effects of the fermented filtrate (by-product). Higher biomass yield was observed in fungal strains grown in DBP-containing media (DM) compared to DBP-free (control) media (CM). The highest esterase activity was observed at 240 h during fermentation with Penicillium radiatolobatum (PR) grown in DM (PR-DM). As per gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) results, the PR degraded 99.986 % of DBP after 288 h of fermentation. Furthermore, compared to DM treatment, the fermented filtrate of PR-DM demonstrated negligible toxicity in HEK-293 cells. Besides, the treatment of PR-DM in Artemia salina indicated >80 % viability and showed a trivial ecotoxic effect. However, compared to the control, the fermented filtrate of PR-DM treatment resulted in ~90 % of the roots and shoots growth of Zea mays seeds, indicating no phytotoxicity. Overall, the findings of this study suggested that PR can degrade DBP in liquid fermentation without generating toxic byproducts.
摘要：
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的生产和使用日益增多,以及由此产生的健康和环境问题令人担忧。因此,本研究集中在使用内生青霉的液体发酵中的DBPs的生物降解，生态毒性，和发酵滤液(副产物)的植物毒性作用。与无DBP（对照）培养基（CM）相比，在含DBP（2g/L）培养基（DM）中生长的真菌菌株中观察到更高的生物量产量。在DM（PR-DM）中生长的放射青霉（PR）的发酵过程中，在240小时观察到最高的酯酶活性。根据气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)结果，发酵288h后，PR降解了99.986％的DBP。此外，与DM治疗相比，PR-DM的发酵滤液对HEK-293细胞的毒性可忽略不计。此外,卤虫PR-DM的治疗表明>80％的生存力，并显示出微不足道的生态毒性作用。然而,与对照相比，PR-DM处理的发酵滤液导致玉米种子的根和芽生长约90％，表明没有植物毒性。总的来说,这项研究的结果表明，PR可以在液体发酵中矿化DBP，而不会产生有毒副产物。
