PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Patients who were incarcerated were disproportionately affected by COVID-19 compared with the general public. Furthermore, the impact of multidisciplinary rehabilitation assessments and interventions on the outcomes of patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 is limited.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the functional outcomes of oral intake, mobility, and activity between inmates and noninmates diagnosed with COVID-19 and examine the relationships among these functional measures and discharge destination.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 at a large academic medical center. Scores on functional measures including the Functional Oral Intake Scale and Activity Measure for Postacute Care (AM-PAC) were collected and compared between inmates and noninmates. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds of whether patients were discharged to the same place they were admitted from and whether patients were being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. Independent variables were considered significant if the 95% CIs of the odds ratios (ORs) did not include 1.0.
RESULTS: A total of 83 patients (inmates: n=38; noninmates: n=45) were included in the final analysis. There were no differences between inmates and noninmates in the initial (P=.39) and final Functional Oral Intake Scale scores (P=.35) or in the initial (P=.06 and P=.46), final (P=.43 and P=.79), or change scores (P=.97 and P=.45) on the AM-PAC mobility and activity subscales, respectively. When examining separate regression models using AM-PAC mobility or AM-PAC activity scores as independent variables, greater age upon admission decreased the odds (OR 0.922, 95% CI 0.875-0.972 and OR 0.918, 95% CI 0.871-0.968) of patients being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. The following factors increased the odds of patients being discharged to the same place they were admitted from: being an inmate (OR 5.285, 95% CI 1.334-20.931 and OR 6.083, 95% CI 1.548-23.912), \"Other\" race (OR 7.596, 95% CI 1.203-47.968 and OR 8.515, 95% CI 1.311-55.291), and female sex (OR 4.671, 95% CI 1.086-20.092 and OR 4.977, 95% CI 1.146-21.615).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide an opportunity to learn how functional measures may be used to better understand discharge outcomes in both inmate and noninmate patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 during the initial period of the pandemic.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the functional outcomes of oral intake, mobility, and activity between inmates and noninmates diagnosed with COVID-19 and examine the relationships among these functional measures and discharge destination.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 at a large academic medical center. Scores on functional measures including the Functional Oral Intake Scale and Activity Measure for Postacute Care (AM-PAC) were collected and compared between inmates and noninmates. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds of whether patients were discharged to the same place they were admitted from and whether patients were being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. Independent variables were considered significant if the 95% CIs of the odds ratios (ORs) did not include 1.0.
RESULTS: A total of 83 patients (inmates: n=38; noninmates: n=45) were included in the final analysis. There were no differences between inmates and noninmates in the initial (P=.39) and final Functional Oral Intake Scale scores (P=.35) or in the initial (P=.06 and P=.46), final (P=.43 and P=.79), or change scores (P=.97 and P=.45) on the AM-PAC mobility and activity subscales, respectively. When examining separate regression models using AM-PAC mobility or AM-PAC activity scores as independent variables, greater age upon admission decreased the odds (OR 0.922, 95% CI 0.875-0.972 and OR 0.918, 95% CI 0.871-0.968) of patients being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. The following factors increased the odds of patients being discharged to the same place they were admitted from: being an inmate (OR 5.285, 95% CI 1.334-20.931 and OR 6.083, 95% CI 1.548-23.912), \"Other\" race (OR 7.596, 95% CI 1.203-47.968 and OR 8.515, 95% CI 1.311-55.291), and female sex (OR 4.671, 95% CI 1.086-20.092 and OR 4.977, 95% CI 1.146-21.615).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide an opportunity to learn how functional measures may be used to better understand discharge outcomes in both inmate and noninmate patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 during the initial period of the pandemic.
摘要：
背景：与普通公众相比，被监禁的患者受COVID-19的影响不成比例。此外，多学科康复评估和干预措施对COVID-19住院患者结局的影响有限.
目的：我们旨在比较口服摄入的功能结果，移动性,以及被诊断患有COVID-19的囚犯和非囚犯之间的活动，并检查这些功能措施与出院目的地之间的关系。
方法：对某大型学术医疗中心收治的COVID-19患者进行回顾性分析。收集了功能措施的得分，包括功能性口腔摄入量量表和障碍护理活动措施（AM-PAC），并在囚犯和非囚犯之间进行了比较。使用二元逻辑回归模型来评估患者是否出院到与入院相同的地方以及患者是否在没有限制的情况下完全口服饮食出院的几率。如果比值比（ORs）的95%CI不包括1.0，则自变量被认为是显著的。
结果：共有83名患者（囚犯：n=38；非囚犯：n=45）被纳入最终分析。在初始（P=.39）和最终功能性口腔摄入量量表（P=.35）或初始（P=.06和P=.46）中，囚犯与非囚犯之间没有差异，最终（P=0.43和P=0.79），或改变AM-PAC移动性和活动分量表上的分数（P=0.97和P=0.45），分别。当使用AM-PAC移动性或AM-PAC活动得分作为自变量检查单独的回归模型时，入院年龄的增加降低了完全口服饮食且无限制的患者出院的几率(OR0.922,95%CI0.875-0.972和OR0.918,95%CI0.871-0.968).以下因素增加了患者出院到其入院地点的几率：作为囚犯（OR5.285，95％CI1.334-20.931和OR6.083，95％CI1.548-23.912），“其他”种族（OR7.596，95％CI1.203-47.968和OR8.515，95％CI1.311-55.291），和女性（OR4.671，95％CI1.086-20.092和OR4.977，95％CI1.146-21.615）。
结论：这项研究的结果为了解如何使用功能措施来更好地了解在大流行初期因COVID-19入院的囚犯和非囚犯患者的出院结果提供了机会。
目的：我们旨在比较口服摄入的功能结果，移动性,以及被诊断患有COVID-19的囚犯和非囚犯之间的活动，并检查这些功能措施与出院目的地之间的关系。
方法：对某大型学术医疗中心收治的COVID-19患者进行回顾性分析。收集了功能措施的得分，包括功能性口腔摄入量量表和障碍护理活动措施（AM-PAC），并在囚犯和非囚犯之间进行了比较。使用二元逻辑回归模型来评估患者是否出院到与入院相同的地方以及患者是否在没有限制的情况下完全口服饮食出院的几率。如果比值比（ORs）的95%CI不包括1.0，则自变量被认为是显著的。
结果：共有83名患者（囚犯：n=38；非囚犯：n=45）被纳入最终分析。在初始（P=.39）和最终功能性口腔摄入量量表（P=.35）或初始（P=.06和P=.46）中，囚犯与非囚犯之间没有差异，最终（P=0.43和P=0.79），或改变AM-PAC移动性和活动分量表上的分数（P=0.97和P=0.45），分别。当使用AM-PAC移动性或AM-PAC活动得分作为自变量检查单独的回归模型时，入院年龄的增加降低了完全口服饮食且无限制的患者出院的几率(OR0.922,95%CI0.875-0.972和OR0.918,95%CI0.871-0.968).以下因素增加了患者出院到其入院地点的几率：作为囚犯（OR5.285，95％CI1.334-20.931和OR6.083，95％CI1.548-23.912），“其他”种族（OR7.596，95％CI1.203-47.968和OR8.515，95％CI1.311-55.291），和女性（OR4.671，95％CI1.086-20.092和OR4.977，95％CI1.146-21.615）。
结论：这项研究的结果为了解如何使用功能措施来更好地了解在大流行初期因COVID-19入院的囚犯和非囚犯患者的出院结果提供了机会。
