Abstract：
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cellular demise, characterized by the accumulation of intracellular oxidative stress that is dependent on iron. Ferroptosis plays a crucial role not only in the development and treatment of tumors but also in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and illnesses related to ischemia-reperfusion injury. This mode of cell death possesses distinctive properties that differentiate it from other forms of cell death, including unique morphological changes at both the cellular and subcellular levels, as well as molecular features that can be detected using specific methods. The use of fluorescent probes has become an invaluable means of detecting ferroptosis, owing to their high sensitivity, real-time in situ monitoring capabilities, and minimal damage to biological samples. This review comprehensively elucidates the physiological mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, while also detailing the development of fluorescent probes capable of detecting ferroptosis-related active species across various cellular compartments, including organelles, the nucleus, and the cell membrane. Additionally, the review explores how the dynamic changes and location of active species from different cellular compartments can influence the ignition and execution of ferroptotic cell death. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and opportunities for imaging ferroptosis. We believe that this review will not only aid in the elucidation of ferroptosis\'s physiological mechanisms but also facilitate the identification of novel treatment targets and means of accurately diagnosing and treating ferroptosis-related diseases.
摘要：
铁凋亡是一种新发现的受调节的细胞死亡形式，其特征在于依赖于铁的细胞内氧化应激的积累。铁凋亡不仅在肿瘤的发展和治疗中起着至关重要的作用，而且在神经退行性疾病和与缺血再灌注损伤相关的疾病的发病机理中起着至关重要的作用。这种细胞死亡模式具有区别于其他形式的细胞死亡的独特特性，包括细胞和亚细胞水平的独特形态变化，以及可以使用特定方法检测的分子特征。荧光探针的使用已成为检测铁中毒的一种宝贵手段，由于他们的高灵敏度，实时现场监测能力，对生物样本的损害最小。这篇综述全面阐明了铁死亡的生理机制，同时还详细介绍了能够检测各种细胞区室中与铁凋亡相关的活性物种的荧光探针的开发，包括细胞器,核,还有细胞膜.此外,这篇综述探讨了来自不同细胞区室的活性物种的动态变化和位置如何影响铁细胞死亡的点燃和执行。最后,我们讨论了未来成像的挑战和机遇。我们相信，这篇综述不仅有助于阐明铁死亡的生理机制，而且有助于确定新的治疗靶点和准确诊断和治疗铁死亡相关疾病的方法。
