Abstract：
Recent media and academic reports project rising levels of girls\' violence and a narrowing gender gap. In response, the authors investigate 21st century trends in girls\' violence as reported across multiple official and unofficial longitudinal sources: Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) arrest and juvenile court referral statistics; National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) victimization data; and three sources of self-reported violent offending-Monitoring the Future, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, and National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Augmented Dickey-Fuller time-series tests and intuitive plot displays show much overlap in each source\'s portrayal of trends in girls\' violence and the youth gender gap. Specifically, there is no systematic change in the gender gap for homicide, aggravated assault, nor the violent crime index. However, UCR police arrests and juvenile court referrals show a moderate female-to-male rise for simple assault during the early decades of the 21st century. This rise in official statistics is not borne out in NCVS counts based on victims\' reports nor in self-reported violent-offending counts. Net-widening policy shifts and more gender-neutral enforcement have apparently elevated somewhat the arrest proneness of adolescent females for simple assault. Rather than girls having become more violent, triangulating data sources revealed a decline in both girls\' and boys\' violence levels, considerable similarity in their violent-offending trends, and little or no systematic change in the gender gap.
摘要：
最近的媒体和学术报告显示，女孩暴力的程度在上升，性别差距在缩小。作为回应,作者调查了21世纪多个官方和非官方纵向来源报道的女孩暴力趋势：统一犯罪报告（UCR）逮捕和少年法庭转介统计数据；国家犯罪受害调查（NCVS）受害数据；以及自我报告的暴力犯罪的三个来源-监测未来，青少年危险行为监测系统,和全国药物使用和健康调查。增强的Dickey-Fuller时间序列测试和直观的情节显示显示，每个来源对女孩暴力和青年性别差距趋势的描述都有很多重叠。具体来说,凶杀案的性别差距没有系统的变化，严重的攻击，也不是暴力犯罪指数.然而,UCR警察的逮捕和少年法庭的转介显示，在21世纪初期的几十年中，简单攻击的男女比例有所上升。官方统计数据的这种增加在基于受害者报告的NCVS计数中以及在自我报告的暴力犯罪计数中都没有得到证实。净扩大的政策转变和更多的性别中立执法显然在某种程度上提高了青少年女性因简单攻击而被捕的倾向。而不是女孩变得更加暴力，三角数据来源显示，女孩和男孩的暴力水平都有所下降，他们的暴力犯罪趋势相当相似，性别差距几乎没有系统的变化。
