Abstract：
Diet is a pivotal determinant in shaping the structure and function of resident microorganisms in the gut through different food components, nutritive proportion, and calories. The effects of diet on host metabolism and physiology can be mediated through the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, energy consumption, and the immune system. On the other hand, emerging evidence indicates that baseline gut microbiota could predict the efficacy of diet intervention, highlighting gut microbiota can be harnessed as a biomarker in personalized nutrition. In this review, the alterations of gut microbiota in different dietary components and dietary patterns, and the potential mechanisms in the diet-microbiota crosstalk are summarized to understand the interactions of diet and gut microbiota on the impact of metabolic homeostasis.
摘要：
饮食是通过不同食物成分塑造肠道中常驻微生物结构和功能的关键决定因素，营养比例，和卡路里。饮食对宿主代谢和生理的影响可以通过肠道菌群介导。肠道菌群衍生的代谢物已被证明可以调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢，能源消耗,和免疫系统。另一方面,新的证据表明，基线肠道菌群可以预测饮食干预的疗效，突出肠道微生物群可以作为个性化营养的生物标志物。在这次审查中,不同膳食成分和膳食模式中肠道菌群的变化，并总结了饮食-微生物群串扰的潜在机制，以了解饮食和肠道微生物群对代谢稳态影响的相互作用。
