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Abstract：
Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy characterized by more than 5% weight loss and ketonuria. Although there are cases in Ethiopia, there is still insufficient information regarding the determinant factors of hyperemesis gravidarum.This finding helps to decrease maternal as well as fetal complications of hyperemesis gravidarum by early identification of pregnant mothers who are at high risk. This study aimed to assess determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public and private hospitals in Bahir Dar, North-West Ethiopia, 2022.
A multicenter, facility-based, unmatched case-control study was conducted on 444 pregnant women (148 cases and 296 controls) from January 1 to May 30. Women with a documented diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum on the patient chart were considered as cases, and women who attended antenatal care service without hyperemesis gravidarum were assigned as controls. Cases were selected using a consecutive sampling technique, whereas controls were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. The data were entered into EPI-Data version 3 and exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum at a p-value of less than 0.05. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine the direction of association.
Living in urban (AOR = 2.717, 95% CI : 1.693,4.502), primigravida (AOR = 6.185, 95% CI: 3.135, 12.202), first& second trimester of pregnancy (AOR = 9.301, 95% CI: 2.877,30.067) & (AOR = 4.785, 95% CI: 1.449,15.805) respectively, family history of hyperemesis gravidarum (AOR = 2.929, 95% CI: 1.268,6.765), helicobacter pylori (AOR = 4.881, 95% CI: 2.053, 11.606) & Depression (AOR = 2.195, 95% CI: 1.004,4.797) were found to be determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.
Living in an urban area, primigravida woman, being in the first and second trimester, having family history of hyperemesis gravidarum, Helicobacter pylori infection, and having depression were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Primigravid women, those living in urban areas, and women who have a family history of hyperemesis gravidarum should have psychological support and early treatment initiation if they develop nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Routing screening for Helicobacter pylori infection and mental health care for a mother with depression at the time of preconception care may decreases hyperemesis gravidarum significantly during pregnancy.
A multicenter, facility-based, unmatched case-control study was conducted on 444 pregnant women (148 cases and 296 controls) from January 1 to May 30. Women with a documented diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum on the patient chart were considered as cases, and women who attended antenatal care service without hyperemesis gravidarum were assigned as controls. Cases were selected using a consecutive sampling technique, whereas controls were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. The data were entered into EPI-Data version 3 and exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum at a p-value of less than 0.05. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine the direction of association.
Living in urban (AOR = 2.717, 95% CI : 1.693,4.502), primigravida (AOR = 6.185, 95% CI: 3.135, 12.202), first& second trimester of pregnancy (AOR = 9.301, 95% CI: 2.877,30.067) & (AOR = 4.785, 95% CI: 1.449,15.805) respectively, family history of hyperemesis gravidarum (AOR = 2.929, 95% CI: 1.268,6.765), helicobacter pylori (AOR = 4.881, 95% CI: 2.053, 11.606) & Depression (AOR = 2.195, 95% CI: 1.004,4.797) were found to be determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.
Living in an urban area, primigravida woman, being in the first and second trimester, having family history of hyperemesis gravidarum, Helicobacter pylori infection, and having depression were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Primigravid women, those living in urban areas, and women who have a family history of hyperemesis gravidarum should have psychological support and early treatment initiation if they develop nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Routing screening for Helicobacter pylori infection and mental health care for a mother with depression at the time of preconception care may decreases hyperemesis gravidarum significantly during pregnancy.
摘要：
背景：妊娠剧吐是妊娠期间恶心和呕吐的一种严重形式，其特征是体重减轻超过5%和酮尿症。尽管在埃塞俄比亚也有案例,关于妊娠剧吐的决定因素的信息仍然不足。这一发现有助于通过早期识别高危孕妇来减少妊娠呕吐的孕妇和胎儿并发症。这项研究旨在评估在BahirDar的公立和私立医院接受产前护理的孕妇妊娠呕吐的决定因素，埃塞俄比亚西北部,2022年。
方法：多中心，基于设施，1月1日至5月30日,对444例孕妇(148例,296例对照)进行了无匹配的病例对照研究.在患者图表上有记录诊断为妊娠剧吐的女性被视为病例。参加过产前护理服务但没有妊娠剧吐的妇女被指定为对照。使用连续抽样技术选择病例，而对照组是使用系统随机抽样技术选择的。使用面试官管理的结构化问卷收集数据。将数据输入到EPI-Data版本3中，并导出到SPSS版本23中进行分析。进行多变量逻辑回归以确定p值小于0.05的妊娠剧吐的决定因素。使用具有95％置信区间的调整后的优势比来确定关联的方向。
结果：生活在城市（AOR=2.717，95％CI：1.693,4.502），primigravida(AOR=6.185，95%CI：3.135，12.202)，妊娠早期和中期（AOR=9.301，95％CI：2.877,30.067）和（AOR=4.785，95％CI：1.449,15.805），妊娠剧吐家族史(AOR=2.929,95%CI:1.268,6.765),幽门螺杆菌（AOR=4.881，95％CI：2.053，11.606）和抑郁症（AOR=2.195，95％CI：1.004,4.797）被发现是妊娠剧吐的决定因素。
结论：生活在城市地区，primigravida女人,在孕早期和中期，有妊娠剧吐家族史，幽门螺杆菌感染,抑郁症是妊娠剧吐的决定因素。Primigravid女人，那些生活在城市地区的人，有妊娠剧吐家族史的妇女，如果在怀孕期间出现恶心和呕吐，应给予心理支持并尽早开始治疗。在孕前护理时，对患有抑郁症的母亲进行幽门螺杆菌感染和精神保健的路线筛查可能会显著减少怀孕期间的妊娠呕吐。
方法：多中心，基于设施，1月1日至5月30日,对444例孕妇(148例,296例对照)进行了无匹配的病例对照研究.在患者图表上有记录诊断为妊娠剧吐的女性被视为病例。参加过产前护理服务但没有妊娠剧吐的妇女被指定为对照。使用连续抽样技术选择病例，而对照组是使用系统随机抽样技术选择的。使用面试官管理的结构化问卷收集数据。将数据输入到EPI-Data版本3中，并导出到SPSS版本23中进行分析。进行多变量逻辑回归以确定p值小于0.05的妊娠剧吐的决定因素。使用具有95％置信区间的调整后的优势比来确定关联的方向。
结果：生活在城市（AOR=2.717，95％CI：1.693,4.502），primigravida(AOR=6.185，95%CI：3.135，12.202)，妊娠早期和中期（AOR=9.301，95％CI：2.877,30.067）和（AOR=4.785，95％CI：1.449,15.805），妊娠剧吐家族史(AOR=2.929,95%CI:1.268,6.765),幽门螺杆菌（AOR=4.881，95％CI：2.053，11.606）和抑郁症（AOR=2.195，95％CI：1.004,4.797）被发现是妊娠剧吐的决定因素。
结论：生活在城市地区，primigravida女人,在孕早期和中期，有妊娠剧吐家族史，幽门螺杆菌感染,抑郁症是妊娠剧吐的决定因素。Primigravid女人，那些生活在城市地区的人，有妊娠剧吐家族史的妇女，如果在怀孕期间出现恶心和呕吐，应给予心理支持并尽早开始治疗。在孕前护理时，对患有抑郁症的母亲进行幽门螺杆菌感染和精神保健的路线筛查可能会显著减少怀孕期间的妊娠呕吐。
