Abstract：
Studies which analyse the joint effect of acoustic or chemical air pollution variables and different meteorological variables on neuroendocrine disease are practically nonexistent. This study therefore sought to analyse the impact of air pollutants and environmental meteorological variables on daily unscheduled admissions due to endocrine and metabolic diseases in the Madrid Region from January 01, 2013 to December 31, 2018.
We conducted a longitudinal, retrospective, ecological study of daily time series analysed by Poisson regression, with emergency neuroendocrine-disease admissions in the Madrid Region as the dependent variable. The independent variables were: mean daily concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3; acoustic pollution; maximum and minimum daily temperatures; hours of sunlight; relative humidity; wind speed; and air pressure above sea level. Estimators of the statistically significant variables were used to calculate the relative risks (RRs).
A statistically significant association was found between the increase in temperatures in heat waves, RR: 1.123 95% CI (1.001-1.018), and the number of emergency admissions, making it the main risk factor. An association between a decrease in sunlight and an increase in hospital admissions, RR: 1.005 95% CI (1.002 1.008), was likewise observed. Similarly, ozone, in the form of mean daily concentrations in excess of 44 μg/m3, had an impact on admissions due to neuroendocrine disease, RR: 1.010 95% CI (1.007-1.035). The breakdown by sex showed that in the case of women, NO2 was also a risk factor, RR: 1.021 95% CI (1.007-1.035).
The results obtained in this study serve to identify risk factors for this disease, such as extreme temperatures in heat waves, O3 or NO2. The robust association found between the decrease in sunlight and increase in hospital admissions due to neuroendocrine disease serves to spotlight an environmental factor which has received scant attention in public health until now.
We conducted a longitudinal, retrospective, ecological study of daily time series analysed by Poisson regression, with emergency neuroendocrine-disease admissions in the Madrid Region as the dependent variable. The independent variables were: mean daily concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3; acoustic pollution; maximum and minimum daily temperatures; hours of sunlight; relative humidity; wind speed; and air pressure above sea level. Estimators of the statistically significant variables were used to calculate the relative risks (RRs).
A statistically significant association was found between the increase in temperatures in heat waves, RR: 1.123 95% CI (1.001-1.018), and the number of emergency admissions, making it the main risk factor. An association between a decrease in sunlight and an increase in hospital admissions, RR: 1.005 95% CI (1.002 1.008), was likewise observed. Similarly, ozone, in the form of mean daily concentrations in excess of 44 μg/m3, had an impact on admissions due to neuroendocrine disease, RR: 1.010 95% CI (1.007-1.035). The breakdown by sex showed that in the case of women, NO2 was also a risk factor, RR: 1.021 95% CI (1.007-1.035).
The results obtained in this study serve to identify risk factors for this disease, such as extreme temperatures in heat waves, O3 or NO2. The robust association found between the decrease in sunlight and increase in hospital admissions due to neuroendocrine disease serves to spotlight an environmental factor which has received scant attention in public health until now.
摘要：
背景：分析声学或化学空气污染变量和不同气象变量对神经内分泌疾病的联合影响的研究几乎不存在。因此，本研究旨在分析2013年1月1日至2018年12月31日马德里地区因内分泌和代谢疾病引起的空气污染物和环境气象变量对每日计划外入院的影响。
方法：我们进行了纵向，回顾性,通过泊松回归分析的每日时间序列的生态学研究，以马德里地区紧急神经内分泌疾病入院为因变量。独立变量为：PM10，PM2.5，NO2和O3的平均每日浓度；声污染；最高和最低每日温度；日照时数；相对湿度风速和海平面以上的气压。统计显著变量的估计值用于计算相对风险(RR)。
结果：发现热浪温度升高之间存在统计学上的显着关联，RR：1.12395%CI（1.001-1.018），以及紧急入院的数量，使其成为主要风险因素。阳光减少和住院人数增加之间的联系，RR：1.00595%CI（1.0021.008），同样被观察到。同样，臭氧,以平均每日浓度超过44μg/m3的形式，对由于神经内分泌疾病的入院有影响，RR：1.01095%CI（1.007-1.035）。按性别分列的数据表明，就女性而言，NO2也是一个危险因素，RR：1.02195%CI（1.007-1.035）。
结论：这项研究的结果有助于确定这种疾病的危险因素，比如热浪中的极端温度，O3或NO2。由于神经内分泌疾病导致的阳光减少与住院人数增加之间的紧密关联表明，迄今为止，该环境因素在公共卫生领域很少受到关注。
方法：我们进行了纵向，回顾性,通过泊松回归分析的每日时间序列的生态学研究，以马德里地区紧急神经内分泌疾病入院为因变量。独立变量为：PM10，PM2.5，NO2和O3的平均每日浓度；声污染；最高和最低每日温度；日照时数；相对湿度风速和海平面以上的气压。统计显著变量的估计值用于计算相对风险(RR)。
结果：发现热浪温度升高之间存在统计学上的显着关联，RR：1.12395%CI（1.001-1.018），以及紧急入院的数量，使其成为主要风险因素。阳光减少和住院人数增加之间的联系，RR：1.00595%CI（1.0021.008），同样被观察到。同样，臭氧,以平均每日浓度超过44μg/m3的形式，对由于神经内分泌疾病的入院有影响，RR：1.01095%CI（1.007-1.035）。按性别分列的数据表明，就女性而言，NO2也是一个危险因素，RR：1.02195%CI（1.007-1.035）。
结论：这项研究的结果有助于确定这种疾病的危险因素，比如热浪中的极端温度，O3或NO2。由于神经内分泌疾病导致的阳光减少与住院人数增加之间的紧密关联表明，迄今为止，该环境因素在公共卫生领域很少受到关注。
